Enhanced and asymmetric signatures of hybridization at climatic margins: Evidence from closely related dioecious fig species.

Hybridization plays a significant role in biological evolution. However, it is not clear whether ecological contingency differentially influences likelihood of hybridization, particularly at ecological margins where parental species may exhibit reduced fitnesses. Moreover, it is unknown whether future ecosystem change will increase the prevalence of hybridization.

Physiological responses and variation in secondary metabolite content among Thai holy basil cultivars ( L.) grown under controlled environmental conditions in a plant factory.

Holy basil ( L.) is a widely used herb containing several bioactive compounds of interest for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Plant factories using artificial lighting (PFAL) is a modern agricultural system that offers opportunity to improve crop production and stabilizes productivity in many herbal plants.

Maintenance of specificity in sympatric host-specific fig/wasp pollination mutualisms.

Background: Fig/wasp pollination mutualisms are extreme examples of species-specific plant-insect symbioses, but incomplete specificity occurs, with potentially important evolutionary consequences. Why pollinators enter alternative hosts, and the fates of pollinators and the figs they enter, are unknown.

Methods: We studied the pollinating fig wasp, , which concurrently interacts with its typical host and the locally sympatric alternative host , recording frequencies of the wasp in figs of the alternative hosts.

Physiological responses, yield and medicinal substance (andrographolide, AP1) accumulation of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) in response to plant density under controlled environmental conditions.

Agricultural practice in adjusting planting density and harvest date are important factors for plant development and crop improvement, reaching maximum yields and enhancing the production of secondary metabolites. However, it is unclear as to the optimal planting densities during mass production that encourage consistent, high yield secondary metabolite content. For this, controlled environment, crop production facilities such as plant factories with artificial lighting (PFAL) offer opportunity to enhance quality and stabilize production of herbal plants.

riceExplorer: Uncovering the Hidden Potential of a National Genomic Resource Against a Global Database.

Agricultural crop breeding programs, particularly at the national level, typically consist of a core panel of elite breeding cultivars alongside a number of local landrace varieties (or other endemic cultivars) that provide additional sources of phenotypic and genomic variation or contribute as experimental materials (e.g., in GWAS studies).

Promotion of seed germination and early plant growth by KNO and light spectra in Ocimum tenuiflorum using a plant factory.

The plant factory with artificial light (PFAL) is a novel cultivation system of agriculture technology for crop production under controlled-environment conditions. However, there are a number of issues relating to low quality of seed germination and seedling vigor that lead to decreased crop yields. The present study investigates the optimal KNO concentration for seed germination, and the influence of different light spectra on early plant growth in holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) under a PFAL system.

Predicting distributions of strains through host ecological contact-Who's manipulating whom?

Reproductive isolation in response to divergent selection is often mediated via third-party interactions. Under these conditions, speciation is inextricably linked to ecological context. We present a novel framework for understanding arthropod speciation as mediated by , a microbial endosymbiont capable of causing host cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI).

Identification of Bacterial Blight Resistance Loci in Rice ( L.) against Diverse Thai Strains by Genome-Wide Association Study.

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious disease affecting global rice agriculture caused by pv. (). Most resistant rice lines are dependent on single genes that are vulnerable to caused by pathogen mutation.

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Resistance Loci for Bacterial Leaf Streak Resistance in Rice ( L.).

Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by pv. () is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production areas, especially in humid tropical and subtropical zones throughout Asia and worldwide. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis conducted on a collection of 236 diverse rice accessions, mainly varieties, identified 12 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 11, conferring resistance to five representative isolates of Thai .

Development of 19 universal microsatellite loci for three closely related Ficus species (Moraceae) by high-throughput sequencing.

The genus Ficus is striking for its species diversity, ecological significance, and its often species-specific relationship with coevolved pollinating fig wasps, which has long fascinated biologists. The three closely related and generally co-distributed dioecious species Ficus hispida, F. heterostyla and F.

Genomic and phenomic analysis of island ant community assembly.

Island biodiversity has long fascinated biologists as it typically presents tractable systems for unpicking the eco-evolutionary processes driving community assembly. In general, two recurring themes are of central theoretical interest. First, immigration, diversification, and extinction typically depend on island geographical properties (e.

Faster speciation of fig-wasps than their host figs leads to decoupled speciation dynamics: Snapshots across the speciation continuum.

Even though speciation involving multiple interacting partners, such as plants and their pollinators, has attracted much research, most studies focus on isolated phases of the process. This currently precludes an integrated understanding of the mechanisms leading to cospeciation. Here, we examine population genetic structure across six species-pairs of figs and their pollinating wasps along an elevational gradient in New Guinea.

Conserved community structure and simultaneous divergence events in the fig wasps associated with Ficus benjamina in Australia and China.

Background: Localised patterns of species diversity can be influenced by many factors, including regional species pools, biogeographic features and interspecific interactions. Despite recognition of these issues, we still know surprisingly little about how invertebrate biodiversity is structured across geographic scales. In particular, there have been few studies of how insect communities vary geographically while using the same plant host.

Phylogenetic analysis of RAD-seq data: examining the influence of gene genealogy conflict on analysis of concatenated data.

One of the major issues in phylogenetic analysis is that gene genealogies from different gene regions may not reflect the true species tree or history of speciation. This has led to considerable debate about whether concatenation of loci is the best approach for phylogenetic analysis. The application of Next-generation sequencing techniques such as RAD-seq generates thousands of relatively short sequence reads from across the genomes of the sampled taxa.

Molecular species delimitation of a symbiotic fig-pollinating wasp species complex reveals extreme deviation from reciprocal partner specificity.

Background: Symbiotic relationships have contributed to major evolutionary innovations, the maintenance of fundamental ecosystem functions, and the generation and maintenance of biodiversity. However, the exact nature of host/symbiont associations, which has important consequences for their dynamics, is often poorly known due to limited understanding of symbiont taxonomy and species diversity. Among classical symbioses, figs and their pollinating wasps constitute a highly diverse keystone resource in tropical forest and savannah environments.

Partial begging: an empirical model for the early evolution of offspring signalling.

Species where, from birth, the offspring feed themselves in addition to begging for food from the parents can be described as 'partially begging'. Such species provide a unique opportunity to examine the evolution of offspring begging from non-signalling offspring foraging strategies. We used the partially begging burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides to test specific hypotheses concerning the coexistence of begging and self-feeding.