The Sick Adipose Tissue: New Insights Into Defective Signaling and Crosstalk With the Myocardium.

Adipose tissue (AT) biology is linked to cardiovascular health since obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and positively correlated with excessive visceral fat accumulation. AT signaling to myocardial cells through soluble factors known as adipokines, cardiokines, branched-chain amino acids and small molecules like microRNAs, undoubtedly influence myocardial cells and AT function the endocrine-paracrine mechanisms of action. Unfortunately, abnormal total and visceral adiposity can alter this harmonious signaling network, resulting in tissue hypoxia and monocyte/macrophage adipose infiltration occurring alongside expanded intra-abdominal and epicardial fat depots seen in the human obese phenotype.

Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Type 2 Diabetes-Dependent Association.

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (ScH) is an endocrine alteration that is related to cardiovascular risk factors, including those categorized as components of the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). However, findings in prior reports regarding an association between these alterations are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between both entities in adult subjects from Maracaibo City, Venezuela.

[Association between resistin serum levels and dimension and body composition variables in children and adolescents].

Background: Resistin is an adipokine secreted in adipose tissue that may be associated with the metabolic and endocrine disorders of obesity.

Aim: To assess the association between serum resistin levels and body composition variables, in children and adolescents.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional assessment of 302 subjects, aged 10-16 years.

[Effect of the intake of an integral bread formulated with gum from Hymenaea courbaril on the concentrations of blood lipids of patients with mild-moderate dyslipidemia].

The seeds of Hymenaea courbaril (Caesalpiniace), a species widely disseminated in Venezuela, produce a clear and soluble gum. The dietetic fiber content (60.7%) of the gum was used as a good criterion for the formulation of integral bread in a diet for dyslipidemia patients.

Increased levels of lipoprotein (a) are related to family risk factors of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents from Maracaibo, Venezuela.

The aims of this study were to determine Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] concentrations in a sample of subjects from Maracaibo, Venezuela, and to determine the relationship of family risk factors for cardiovascular disease and their Lp(a) levels. Two hundred twenty-seven healthy individuals between 5 and 19 years of age of both genders and multiethnic origins were selected. A complete background clinical chart and laboratory test was conducted for each patient to discard cardiovascular diseases and confirm their healthy state.

Ciprofibrate treatment decreases non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and increases high density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with Frederickson type IV dyslipidemia phenotype.

Objective: The combination of hypertriglyceridemia and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is one of the most common lipid abnormalities. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of ciprofibrate on lipid profile in patients with Frederickson's type IV dyslipidemia phenotype.

Research Design And Methods: Seventy-five patients with type IV dyslipidemia were assigned at random to 1 of 2 therapeutic options: group A (control), American Heart Association (AHA) Step II diet and physical activity; and group B, AHA diet, physical activity, and ciprofibrate 100 mg daily for 8 weeks.

Oat-derived beta-glucan significantly improves HDLC and diminishes LDLC and non-HDL cholesterol in overweight individuals with mild hypercholesterolemia.

Objective: To investigate the effect of bread formulated with 6 g of beta-glucan (oat soluble fiber) on serum lipids in overweight normotensive subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia.

Design: Thirty-eight male subjects [mean age 59.8 +/- 0.

[Malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione increase in patients with chronic stable ischaemic cardiopathy].

Background And Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are associated with the ischemia/reperfusion phenomena and therefore to the oxidation/antioxidation balance. The aim of this study was to determine malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, glutathione, ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acid in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease.

Patients And Method: 32 male patients, with chronic ischemic heart disease, between 40 and 60 years of age were studied.