Remote-Controlled and Teleoperated Systems: Taking Robotic Image Guided Interventions to the Next Stage.

Remote-controlled and teleoperated robotic systems mark transformative advancements in interventional radiology (IR), with the potential to enhance precision, reduce radiation exposure, and expand access to care. By integrating robotic devices with imaging guidance, these systems enable precise instrument placement and navigation, thereby improving the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive procedures. Remote-controlled and teleoperated robotic systems-operated by clinicians using control interfaces from within or adjacent to the procedure room-are being adopted for both percutaneous and endovascular interventions.

Clinical and Imaging Outcomes of Doxycycline Exchange Sclerotherapy for Lymphatic Malformations.

Purpose: To evaluate serial doxycycline exchanges (SDEs) to treat lymphatic malformations (LMs).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients undergoing LM sclerotherapy with SDEs at our tertiary care academic institution from April 2003 through March 2023. Primary outcome measure was change in symptoms between pre- and post-treatment clinical notes.

Treatments and Outcomes of Pediatric Head and Neck Lymphatic Malformations: A 20-Year Single Institution Experience.

Objective: Examine the management and outcomes of pediatric head and neck lymphatic malformations (HNLMs).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary academic hospital.

Venous Malformations: Diagnosis, Management, and Future Directions.

Venous malformations (VMs) represent the most common type of congenital vascular anomalies, characterized by slow-flow lesions arising from disorganized angiogenesis. These malformations can vary widely in size, location, and clinical impact, presenting significant challenges in diagnosis and management. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimizing care, with goals centered on symptom relief and functional preservation.

The Academic Impact of Society of Interventional Radiology Foundation Grants: Report from the Society of Interventional Radiology Foundation/National Institutes of Health Task Force.

The Society of Interventional Radiology Foundation (SIR Foundation) aims to promote scientific research in Interventional Radiology by providing funding to promising investigators. Over the last 26 years, the SIRF has awarded more than 280 research grants. In 2020, the SIRF created a SIRF/NIH task force to evaluate the scientific ramifications of these funds in terms of overall productivity and research impact.

Development of a High-Fidelity Benchtop Model for Simultaneous Flow, Pressure, and Imaging Assessment of Transarterial Embolization Procedures.

Purpose: The development of new endovascular technologies for transarterial embolization has relied on animal studies to validate efficacy before clinical trials are undertaken. Because embolizations in animals and patients are primarily conducted with fluoroscopy alone, local hemodynamic changes are not assessed during testing. However, such hemodynamic metrics could be important indicators of procedure efficacy that could support improved patient outcomes, such as via the determination of procedural endpoints.

Vessel-targeted compensation of deformable motion in interventional cone-beam CT.

The present standard of care for unresectable liver cancer is transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), which involves using chemotherapeutic particles to selectively embolize the arteries supplying hepatic tumors. Accurate volumetric identification of intricate fine vascularity is crucial for selective embolization. Three-dimensional imaging, particularly cone-beam CT (CBCT), aids in visualization and targeting of small vessels in such highly variable anatomy, but long image acquisition time results in intra-scan patient motion, which distorts vascular structures and tissue boundaries.

Assessment of arterial supply to the stomach after bariatric surgery using multidetector CT arteriography.

Purpose: To describe residual arterial supply to the stomach after bariatric surgery via a systematic arterial-phase CT assessment approach that can aid in diagnosis and treatment of postoperative complications and facilitate planning for future procedures.

Methods: Arterial-phase CT of 46 patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) at 3 academic institutions were retrospectively reviewed to assess patency of left gastric artery (LGA), right gastric artery (RGA), gastroepiploic artery (GEA), and left inferior phrenic artery (LIPA) and presence of gastric perforators.

Results: In 25 RYGB and 21 SG patients, mean diameters were LGA 2.

Deformable motion compensation in interventional cone-beam CT with a context-aware learned autofocus metric.

Purpose: Interventional Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) offers 3D visualization of soft-tissue and vascular anatomy, enabling 3D guidance of abdominal interventions. However, its long acquisition time makes CBCT susceptible to patient motion. Image-based autofocus offers a suitable platform for compensation of deformable motion in CBCT, but it relies on handcrafted motion metrics based on first-order image properties and that lack awareness of the underlying anatomy.

Current and future directions in interventional neuro-oncology-are we there yet?

Advancements in technology and technical expertise increasingly enable neurointerventionalists to deliver safer and more effective endovascular treatments to cancers of the brain, spine, head, and neck. In addition to established neuro-oncological interventions such as pre-surgical tumor embolization and percutaneous ablation, newer modalities focused on direct arterial infusion of chemotherapy, radioisotopes, and radiosensitizers continue to gain traction as complementary treatment options, while stem cell-mediated delivery of theranostic nanoparticles and oncolytic virus are being explored for even greater specificity in targeting cancers across the blood-brain barrier. This article aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art and future directions for the field of interventional neuro-oncology, as well as opportunities and challenges presented by this emerging treatment modality.

Fully automatic online geometric calibration for non-circular cone-beam CT orbits using fiducials with unknown placement.

Background: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) with non-circular scanning orbits can improve image quality for 3D intraoperative image guidance. However, geometric calibration of such scans can be challenging. Existing methods typically require a prior image, specialized phantoms, presumed repeatable orbits, or long computation time.

FABRICATION OF MULTILUMEN MICROFLUIDIC TUBING FOR DIRECT LASER WRITING.

Among the numerous additive manufacturing or "three-dimensional (3D) printing" techniques, two-photon Direct Laser Writing (DLW) is distinctively suited for applications that demand high geometric versatility with micron-to-submicron-scale feature resolutions. Recently, " DLW (DLW)" has emerged as a powerful approach for printing 3D microfluidic structures directly atop meso/macroscale fluidic tubing that can be manipulated by hand; however, difficulties in creating custom DLW-compatible multilumen tubing at such scales has hindered progress. To address this impediment, here we introduce a novel methodology for fabricating submillimeter multilumen tubing for DLW 3D printing.

Whole-lesion assessment of volume and signal changes after sclerotherapy of extremity venous malformations.

Purpose: To investigate quantitative changes in MRI signal intensity (SI) and lesion volume that indicate treatment response and correlate these changes with clinical outcomes after percutaneous sclerotherapy (PS) of extremity venous malformations (VMs).

Methods: VMs were segmented manually on pre- and post-treatment T2-weighted MRI using 3D Slicer to assess changes in lesion volume and SI. Clinical outcomes were scored on a 7-point Likert scale according to patient perception of symptom improvement; treatment response (success or failure) was determined accordingly.

Magnetic resonance - guided treatment of low-flow vascular malformations and the technologies to potentiate adoption.

Vascular malformations are congenital, non-neoplastic lesions that arise secondary to defects in angiogenesis. Vascular malformations are divided into high-flow (arteriovenous malformation) and low-flow (venous malformations and lymphatic malformations). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard for pre-and post-intervention assessments, while ultrasound (US), X-ray fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT) are used for intra-procedural guidance.

Radiomics Features Extracted From Pre- and Postprocedural Imaging in Early Prediction of Treatment Response in Patients Undergoing Transarterial Radioembolization of Hepatic Lesions: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Quality Appraisal Study.

Introduction: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is one of the most promising therapeutic options for hepatic masses. Radiomics features, which are quantitative numeric features extracted from medical images, are considered to have potential in predicting treatment response in TARE. This article aims to provide meta-analytic evidence and critically appraise the methodology of radiomics studies published in this regard.

Patient Characteristics Associated With Embolization Versus Hysterectomy for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Black and underinsured women in the United States are more likely than their counterparts to develop uterine fibroids (UFs) and experience more severe symptoms. Uterine artery embolization (UAE), a uterine-sparing therapeutic procedure, is less invasive than the common alternative, open hysterectomy. To determine whether demographic disparities persist in UF treatment utilization, we reviewed patient characteristics associated with UAE versus hysterectomy for UF among studies of US clinical practices.

Prospective Study of Polytetrafluoroethylene-Covered Microplugs and Detachable Coils for Embolization of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: Technical Results, Procedure Times, and Costs.

Purpose: To determine time to occlusion and procedure costs of embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) using a polytetrafluoroethylene-covered microplug compared with embolization using detachable coils.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, 37 patients (mean age, 39.1 years [SD ± 17.

Abdominal computed tomography measurements of body composition and waitlist mortality in kidney transplant candidates.

Body mass index is often used to determine kidney transplant (KT) candidacy. However, this measure of body composition (BC) has several limitations, including the inability to accurately capture dry weight. Objective computed tomography (CT)-based measures may improve pre-KT risk stratification and capture physiological aging more accurately.

Deformable Motion Compensation for Intraprocedural Vascular Cone-beam CT with Sequential Projection Domain Targeting and Vessel-Enhancing Autofocus.

Purpose: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is used in interventional radiology (IR) for identification of complex vascular anatomy, difficult to visualize in 2D fluoroscopy. However, long acquisition time makes CBCT susceptible to soft-tissue deformable motion that degrades visibility of fine vessels. We propose a targeted framework to compensate for deformable intra-scan motion via learned full-sequence models for identification of vascular anatomy coupled to an autofocus function specifically tailored to vascular imaging.

Health-Related Quality of Life Outcome Measures in Individuals With Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Scoping Review.

Background: Studies evaluating health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) have expanded rapidly in the past decade. These studies have evaluated QOL aspects ranging from the general QOL for patients living with HHT to intervention-specific outcomes. However, few tools have been fully validated across the spectrum of disease manifestations and interventions in HHT.