Sleep spindle variation in patients with Parkinson's disease on first nights of sub-optimal deep brain stimulation.

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a common treatment for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease but its influence on non-motor symptoms is less clear. Sleep spindles are known to be reduced in patients with Parkinson's disease, but the effect of STN DBS is unknown. The objective of our study was to address this knowledge gap.

Arousal threshold modifies the effect of CPAP on executive function among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.

Unlabelled: Arousal Threshold Modifies the Effect of CPAP on Executive Function Among Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. However, randomized trials evaluating the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neurocognition in those without dementia do not show a benefit.

Morphometric measures and desaturations: Proposal for an index with improved accuracy for obstructive sleep apnea screening.

Study Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the combined Kushida morphometric model (KMM) and the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) for screening individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.

Methods: Diagnostic test study with adults >18 years, both sexes, polysomnography, body mass index, neck circumference and intraoral measurements.

Results: 144 patients were invited; of these, 75 met the exclusion criteria.

Improvement in sleep latency with extended-release once-nightly sodium oxybate for the treatment of adults with narcolepsy: Analysis from the phase 3 REST-ON clinical trial.

Background: In the REST-ON clinical trial (NCT02720744), mean sleep latency on the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) was significantly improved with extended-release once-nightly sodium oxybate (ON-SXB) vs placebo ( < 0.001) in participants with narcolepsy. This post hoc analysis assessed response to treatment and improvement in excessive daytime sleepiness.

Cataplexy response with extended-release once-nightly sodium oxybate: Post hoc responder analyses from the phase 3 REST-ON clinical trial.

Background: Once-nightly sodium oxybate (ON-SXB), an extended-release oxybate formulation, yielded significant ( < 0.001 at 6 g, 7.5 g, and 9 g) reductions in cataplexy episodes in participants in the phase 3 REST-ON clinical trial (NCT02720744).

Once-nightly sodium oxybate (FT218) improved symptoms of disrupted nighttime sleep in people with narcolepsy: a plain language summary.

What Is This Summary About?: This is a plain language summary of a published article in the journal . Narcolepsy is a rare sleep condition. Most people with narcolepsy experience disrupted nighttime sleep and have poor quality of sleep.

Proteomic insights into the pathophysiology of periodic limb movements and restless legs syndrome.

Objectives: We used a high-throughput assay of 5000 plasma proteins to identify biomarkers associated with periodic limb movements (PLM) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) in adults.

Methods: Participants (n = 1410) of the Stanford Technology Analytics and Genomics in Sleep (STAGES) study had blood collected, completed a sleep questionnaire, and underwent overnight polysomnography with the scoring of PLMs. An aptamer-based array (SomaScan) was used to quantify 5000 proteins in plasma.

Prediction of Sleep Stages Via Deep Learning Using Smartphone Audio Recordings in Home Environments: Model Development and Validation.

Background: The growing public interest and awareness regarding the significance of sleep is driving the demand for sleep monitoring at home. In addition to various commercially available wearable and nearable devices, sound-based sleep staging via deep learning is emerging as a decent alternative for their convenience and potential accuracy. However, sound-based sleep staging has only been studied using in-laboratory sound data.

Sodium oxybate in treatment-resistant rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder.

Study Objectives: Symptomatic therapies for rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are limited. Sodium oxybate (SXB), a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B agonist, could be effective but has not been evaluated against placebo.

Methods: This double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 24 participants was conducted at the Stanford Sleep Center.

International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Evaluation and interpretation of the literature on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) allows for consolidation and determination of the key factors important for clinical management of the adult OSA patient. Toward this goal, an international collaborative of multidisciplinary experts in sleep apnea evaluation and treatment have produced the International Consensus statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (ICS:OSA).

Methods: Using previously defined methodology, focal topics in OSA were assigned as literature review (LR), evidence-based review (EBR), or evidence-based review with recommendations (EBR-R) formats.

The Link between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Neurocognitive Impairment: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

There is emerging evidence that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). An American Thoracic Society workshop was convened that included clinicians, basic scientists, and epidemiologists with expertise in OSA, cognition, and dementia, with the overall objectives of summarizing the state of knowledge in the field, identifying important research gaps, and identifying potential directions for future research. Although currently available cognitive screening tests may allow for identification of cognitive impairment in patients with OSA, they should be interpreted with caution.

Proteomic Biomarkers of the Apnea Hypopnea Index and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Insights into the Pathophysiology of Presence, Severity, and Treatment Response.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a disease associated with excessive sleepiness and increased cardiovascular risk, affects an estimated 1 billion people worldwide. The present study examined proteomic biomarkers indicative of presence, severity, and treatment response in OSA. Participants (n = 1391) of the Stanford Technology Analytics and Genomics in Sleep study had blood collected and completed an overnight polysomnography for scoring the apnea−hypopnea index (AHI).

Is the sodium in sodium oxybate a risk for heart health? A plain language summary of publication.

What Is This Summary About?: Sodium oxybate is a medicine for narcolepsy symptoms. It contains a high level of sodium. Should people taking sodium oxybate and their doctors worry about the sodium increasing their risk of heart or cardiovascular problems? This is a summary of an article that reviewed 20 years of published data to answer that question.

Basal Ganglia Local Field Potentials as a Potential Biomarker for Sleep Disturbance in Parkinson's Disease.

Sleep disturbances, specifically decreases in total sleep time and sleep efficiency as well as increased sleep onset latency and wakefulness after sleep onset, are highly prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Impairment of sleep significantly and adversely impacts several comorbidities in this patient population, including cognition, mood, and quality of life. Sleep disturbances and other non-motor symptoms of PD have come to the fore as the effectiveness of advanced therapies such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) optimally manage the motor symptoms.

A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and PAP for obstructive sleep apnea and comorbid insomnia: effects on nocturnal sleep and daytime performance.

Study Objectives: This study examines the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy for comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea on nocturnal sleep and daytime functioning.

Methods: A partial factorial design was used to examine treatment pathways with CBT-I and PAP and the relative benefits of each treatment. One hundred eighteen individuals with comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea were randomized to receive CBT-I followed by PAP, self-monitoring followed by CBT-I concurrent with PAP, or self-monitoring followed by PAP only.

Once-nightly sodium oxybate (FT218) demonstrated improvement of symptoms in a phase 3 randomized clinical trial in patients with narcolepsy.

Study Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of FT218, a novel once-nightly formulation of sodium oxybate (ON-SXB), in patients with narcolepsy in the phase 3 REST-ON trial.

Methods: Narcolepsy patients aged ≥16 years were randomized 1:1 to uptitration of ON-SXB (4.5, 6, 7.