Respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants of less than 32 weeks: What difference does giving 100 or 200 mg/kg of exogenous surfactant make?

Background: Surfactant dosing and effective delivery could affect continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP)-failure. Nevertheless, information on exogenous surfactant dosing with current administration methods is limited.

Objective: To describe the effect of 100 or 200 mg/kg of surfactant as first-line treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants of less than 32 weeks gestation.

Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure prediction in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestational age suffering from respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Early continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and surfactant replacement are effective treatments for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). CPAP is the first line in preterm infants needing respiratory support, with surfactant replacement in case of CPAP failure (CPAP-F).

Objectives: To analyze incidence and factors associated with CPAP-F in preterm infants with RDS.

Oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio in preterm infants on routine parenteral nutrition with conventional or fish oil containing lipid emulsions.

Introduction: The benefits of intravenous (IV) fish oil (FO), as a source of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, on lung growth in preterm infants, remain controversial.

Aim: To evaluate if IV FO improves lung growth in small preterm infants on routine parenteral nutrition (PN).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data of preterm infants with a birth weight <1250 g who received routine PN from birth.

Oxygen saturation/FIO2 ratio at 36 weeks' PMA in 1005 preterm infants: Effect of gestational age and early respiratory disease patterns.

Objective: To assess oxygen diffusion at 36 weeks' post-menstrual age in preterm infants by means of the non-invasive oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (36w-SFR) and to identify factors associated with 36w-SFR - ie, gestational age (GA) and early respiratory disease patterns (ERP).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Dosing of porcine surfactant: effect on kinetics and gas exchange in respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: The goal was to study exogenous surfactant disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) kinetics in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who were treated with 100 or 200 mg/kg porcine surfactant.

Methods: Sixty-one preterm infants with RDS undergoing mechanical ventilation received, within 24 hours after birth, 100 mg/kg (N = 40) or 200 mg/kg (N = 21) porcine surfactant mixed with [U-(13)C]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. Clinical and respiratory parameters were recorded, and DSPC half-life and pool size and endogenous DSPC synthesis rate were calculated.