Gold nanoparticles produce transient reactive gliosis in the adult brain.

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have unique physical and chemical properties that allow them to function as a drug-delivery system for several tissues: skin, eye, liver, and others. However, information about the biological response of brain tissue against GNPs is limited. Astrocytes and microglia cells are the first line of defense against brain insults and proper indicators of the level of brain damage.

[Frequency of metabolic syndrome and risk factors in adults with and without diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension].

Objective: Determinate the frequency and the risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome in adults with diabetes mellitus, Hypertension and without Diabetes- Hypertension.

Materials And Methods: We realized a cross-sectional study in patients of both sexes and older than 20 years of the "Hospital General de Zona 1 IMSS" in Colima, Mexico. The variables studied were: age, BMI, waist circumference, cigarette smoking, and family history of diabetes and hypertension, and biochemical parameters, such as glucose, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides.

Dengue Virus Coinfection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Patients on the West Coast of Mexico.

Dengue virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients is not well studied. Previous reports suggest a transitory inhibition of the HIV-1 viral load, as well as a benign clinical progression of dengue. The follow-up of six HIV-1-infected patients, diagnosed and hospitalized with dengue virus infection in the State of Colima, Mexico, was carried out to analyze the progression of this viral coinfection.

Dengue Infection in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Positive Patient Chronically Infected with Hepatitis B Virus in Western Mexico.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and dengue coinfection has not been extensively studied. We report herein a case of dengue serotype 1 infection in an HIV-1-positive patient coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Colima State, Mexico. CD4 cells and HIV-1 viremia remained at normal levels, and no severe complications were observed during this multiple viral infection.

Effect of an avocado oil-enhanced diet (Persea americana) on sucrose-induced insulin resistance in Wistar rats.

A number of studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of vegetable oils with varying percentages of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on insulin resistance. However, there is no report on the effect of avocado oil on this pathologic condition. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of avocado oil on sucrose-induced insulin resistance in Wistar rats.

Current Backpack Weight Status for Primary Schoolchildren in Colima, Mexico.

The purpose of the study was to identify the current status of backpack weight in primary schoolchildren in Colima, Mexico, in relation to gender, school grade level, and body mass index. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 randomly selected children from 20 primary schools. The participating children's parents signed statements of informed consent.

[Evaluation of alignment on knees through a software].

Introduction: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are often accompanied by postural deformity or malalignment. Genu varo or genu valgo can be found in the knees. It is necessary to have a diagnostic support test for diagnosis as well as for follow-up of cases since these diseases are frequently progressive and over time have serious repercussions on patient quality of life.

[Association between neuropathy and peripheral vascular insufficiency in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can present complications of neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease with high risk for developing foot ulcers and consequent amputations.

Objective: To identify the association between peripheral vascular disease, and neuropathy in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients from the Hospital General de Zona No. 1 IMSS in Colima, Mexico.

Presence of HPV DNA in placenta and cervix of pregnant Mexican women.

Purpose: To identify the presence of HPV DNA in cervical as well as in placental tissue of pregnant Mexican women and to determine which type is more frequent.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 56 placental samples were obtained from 72 pregnant women. HPV DNA was extracted and amplified with polymerase chain reaction using a consensus primer and then identified by type using RsaI endonuclease.

Tamsulosin does not have greater efficacy than conventional treatment for distal ureteral stone expulsion in Mexican patients.

The objective of the study was to evaluate tamsulosin (TAM) efficacy in distal ureteral stone expulsion in Mexican patients. A double-blind clinical trial was carried out for a period of 4 weeks on 65 patients assigned to the following treatment groups: Group A, 32 patients receiving conventional treatment + TAM; and Group B, 33 patients receiving conventional treatment + placebo. Patients of both groups were checked every 14 days to evaluate treatment adherence and clinical progression through plain abdominal film and abdominal ultrasonogram.

[Comparison of three therapeutic exercises protocols to lumbar hyperlordosis improvement in asyntomatic youths].

Introduction: One of the causes of low back pain is lumbar hyperlordosis. There are different protocols of therapeutic exercises for its correction, which do not involve all of corporal segments. A modified protocol is proposed, which involves all such segments.

[Comparing two diagnostic methods used for breast neoplasm in a cancer centre in Colima, Mexico].

Objective: Determining the relationship between mammography neoplasm reports and histopathological diagnosis of neoplasms.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients were included who were attending the state cancerology centre (Centro Estatal de Cancerología) in Colima, Mexico.

[The frequency of risk factors associated with obesity and being overweight in university students from Colima, Mexico].

Objective: Determining risk factor frequency regarding obesity and being overweight in university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on 821 students from the University of Colima. Some variables analysed were age, gender, alcoholism, smoking and weight-control drug use.

Comparison of combined spinal and general anesthesia block and combined epidural and general anesthesia block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective: Combined spinal and general anesthesia block (CSGAB) and combined epidural and general anesthesia block (CEGAB) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy were compared.

Material And Methods: Forty patients were randomly selected (ASA physical status I-II) to receive sevoflurane plus 10 to 15 mg of bupivacaine weighed at 0.5% and 20 microg of fentanyl (CSGAB) or sevoflurane plus 150 mg of ropivacaine and 1 microg/kg of fentanyl (CEGAB).

[Antibiotic therapy frequency in hospitalised patients and associated risk factors].

Objective: Determining antimicrobial indication and frequency of use in hospitalised patients.

Materials And Methods: Date and place of work: May 1st to June 30th 2006, Colima, Mexico. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out; it involved 400 patients from both sexes hospitalised in different second level hospital departments.

[Alternative method for measuring the mechanical axis of the knee].

Objective: To identify the existence of significant differences in the degrees of mal-alignment of the mechanical axis of the knee between a traditional measuring method and an alternative method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred mechanical axes of the knee were determined in patients of both sexes.

Effects of cannabinoids on caffeine contractures in slow and fast skeletal muscle fibers of the frog.

The effect of cannabinoids on caffeine contractures was investigated in slow and fast skeletal muscle fibers using isometric tension recording. In slow muscle fibers, WIN 55,212-2 (10 and 5 microM) caused a decrease in tension. These doses reduced maximum tension to 67.

Daily intake of 100 mg ascorbic acid as urinary tract infection prophylactic agent during pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate the role a daily intake of 100 mg of ascorbic acid plays in urinary infection prophylaxis during pregnancy.

Methods And Materials: A single-blind clinical trial was carried out on pregnant women randomly assigned to the following treatment groups - Group A: oral treatment with ferrous sulphate (200 mg per day), folic acid (5 mg per day) and ascorbic acid (100 mg per day) for 3 months, and Group B: oral treatment with ferrous sulphate (200 mg per day) and folic acid (5 mg per day) for 3 months. All patients were clinically evaluated, and a urine culture was carried out each month for a period of 3 months.

Blink reflex, H-reflex and nerve-conduction alterations in leprosy patients.

Peripheral nerve lesions are the most important cause of disability in leprosy patients. Electrophysiological studies are used in the diagnosis and prognosis of neuropathy. Nerve conduction is the most frequently used electrophysiological test method to detect neuropathy, although it evaluates only a part of the peripheral nervous system.

[Comparative effectiveness of 0.1% metilprednisolone aceponate and 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate among children with nonretractable prepuce].

Objective: To compare clinical improvement between treatment with metilprednisolone aceponate vs. betamethasone dipropionate among children with nonretractable prepuce.

Material And Methods: Between August 2001 and November 2002, we carried out a double blind and controlled clinical trial in 34 children with a diagnosis of nonretracable prepuce.

Tension-free hernioplasty versus conventional hernioplasty for inguinal hernia repair.

Purpose: To show the effectiveness of tension-free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia repair.

Methods: We studied 106 patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair, as conventional hernioplasty in 52 and as tension-free hernioplasty in 54. We analyzed the operation time, postoperative complications, pain, time to resume daily activities, and frequency of recurrence in the short and long term.

F-wave and H-reflex alterations in recently diagnosed diabetic patients.

Objective: To explore the frequency of F-wave and H-reflex alterations in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to determine if the alterations are dependent on the levels of glycemia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 50 asymptomatic patients, with a mean age of 45.4 +/- 9.

Modified mattress suture technique to correct anterior septal deviation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a modified mattress suture technique in septal anterior deviation correction and to compare it with the Hinderer technique. This was a randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial. Fifty patients with anterior septal deviation were assigned to one of two surgery treatment groups: in group A, 25 patients underwent anterior septoplasty with modified mattress suture technique; and in group B, 25 patients underwent anterior septoplasty with the Hinderer technique.