Structured work-based learning in undergraduate clinical radiology immersion experience.

Background: Practical courses in undergraduate medical training often lack a didactic concept. Active participation and learning success largely depend on chance. This study was initiated to evaluate a novel concept of structured work-based learning (WBL) in the course of students' half-day radiology immersion experience (IE).

Deep Learning CT Image Reconstruction in Clinical Practice.

Background:  Computed tomography (CT) is a central modality in modern radiology contributing to diagnostic medicine in almost every medical subspecialty, but particularly in emergency services. To solve the inverse problem of reconstructing anatomical slice images from the raw output the scanner measures, several methods have been developed, with filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR) subsequently providing criterion standards. Currently there are new approaches to reconstruction in the field of artificial intelligence utilizing the upcoming possibilities of machine learning (ML), or more specifically, deep learning (DL).

Wilms tumor gene single nucleotide polymorphism rs16754 predicts a favorable outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Purpose: Wilms tumor gene single nucleotide polymorphism (WT1 SNP) rs16754 has been described as a favorable risk marker in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric patients. We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for the first time.

Heparanase polymorphisms: influence on incidence of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Purpose: Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a life-threatening early complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and until now, examinations about the influence of genetic risk factors are extremely rare. The purpose of this study was to identify an association between heparanase (HPSE) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SOS in children undergoing allogeneic HSCT.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the distribution of the both HPSE SNPs rs4693608 and rs4364254 and the occurrence of SOS after allogeneic HSCT in 160 children with malignant and non-malignant diseases.

Prognostic impact of WT1 expression prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with malignant hematological diseases.

Purpose: Malignant hematological diseases represent the most common pediatric cancer. As they cannot always be cured by chemotherapy alone, leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are frequent medical indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, yet even this treatment is not capable of preventing relapse for certain. Therefore, molecular markers are used to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) to be enabled to react early to an impeding relapse.

A pediatric prognostic score for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find and evaluate risk factors influencing the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children and to develop a score stratifying patients by their risk of mortality.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the effects of patient and donor characteristics as well as laboratory data including liver, iron, and inflammation parameters on the overall survival of 131 children and young adults with malignant and non-malignant diseases undergoing allogeneic HSCT.

Results: In univariate analysis, 5-yr overall survival decreased significantly in patients with high disease risk (38% vs.