Dietary Patterns and Non-Communicable Disease Biomarkers: A Network Meta-Analysis and Nutritional Geometry Approach.

Quantitative rankings of multiple dietary patterns for their effects on non-communicable disease (NCD) biomarkers is lacking and would inform primary prevention strategies. Accordingly, a network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare and rank the effects of different dietary patterns on NCD biomarkers, and associations of dietary patterns’ underlying macronutrient composition with NCD biomarkers were determined by a nutritional geometry approach. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion if they enrolled healthy participants, employed food-based dietary pattern interventions without energy restriction, and reported NCD biomarker outcomes.

Biomarkers of dietary patterns: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Context: Most methods for assessing dietary intake have considerable measurement error. Dietary biomarkers are objective tools for dietary assessment. Dietary biomarkers of dietary patterns have not been well described, despite modern dietary guidelines endorsing dietary patterns.