Resuscitation and Forensic Factors Influencing Outcome in Penetrating Cardiac Injury.

Background: Cardiac injury caused by a sharp object is a medical and surgical therapeutic challenge. Mortality risk factors have been identified but there are major discrepancies in the literature. The aim of this study was to analyse the management of victims of penetrating cardiac injuries before and after admission to hospital and the anatomical characteristics of these injuries in order to facilitate diagnosis of the most critical patients.

Forensic criteria, clinical and theoretical issues of the indication of court-ordered treatment: A comparative survey among experts in forensic psychiatry and sentencing judges in France.

Following the French law n° 98-468 of 17 June 1998 relative to the prevention of sexual offenses and the protection of minors, social and judicial follow-up and court-ordered treatment were introduced with the aim of reinforcing the prevention of recidivism. Court-ordered treatment is one of the possible obligatory measures provided for by social and judicial follow-up. However, there is no consensus between the different professionals concerning the criteria of indication and the final purpose of this measure.

Traumatic axonal injury: Clinic, forensic and biomechanics perspectives.

Identification of Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is critical in clinical practice, particularly in terms of long-term prognosis, but also for medico-legal issues, to verify whether the death or the after-effects were attributable to trauma. Multidisciplinary approaches are an undeniable asset when it comes to solving these problems. The aim of this work is therefore to list the different techniques needed to identify axonal lesions and to understand the lesion mechanisms involved in their formation.

Head injury: Importance of the deep brain nuclei in force transmission to the brain.

Finite element modeling provides a digital representation of the human body. It is currently the most pertinent method to study the mechanisms of head injury, and is becoming a scientific reference in forensic expert reports. Improved biofidelity is a recurrent aim of research studies in biomechanics in order to improve earlier models whose mechanical properties conformed to simplified elastic behavior and mechanic laws.

Psychiatric disorders and management of sexual offenders in the prison psychiatric consultation unit of Marseille.

Since 2017, complaints of sexual violence have increased in France. At the same time, the management of sexual offenders has been at the center of international public health policies. The prevalence of mental disorders among sexual offenders is an essential field of research.

A sudden death, an aortic rupture, and an unexpected cause: a report about suspected child abuse.

All unexpected deaths of children require an autopsy to determine the cause of death. In cases of aortic rupture, the immediate cause of death is easily identified at autopsy. Although the majority of aortic ruptures are caused by high-energy trauma, other causes should not be missed.

Penetrating craniocerebral injury caused by bladed weapons: Three homicide cases.

Penetrating craniocerebral injuries caused by a bladed weapon are rare events in western countries and often occur in the course of assault. We studied all homicide-related cases of cranial and brain injuries caused by bladed weapons that were seen at the Medicolegal Institute of Marseille over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2019. We found that such injuries are exceptional.

[Loss of chance in compensation for non-accidental bodily injury: inventory].

Loss of chance in compensation for non-accidental bodily injury: inventory The main problem with this notion is the hypothetical nature of the loss of chance, insofar as it is impossible to take for sure if the hoped-for event would actually haved occurred. This this is the main difficulty encountered when estimating a loss of chance. The aim of this work is to identify a number of tools that will serve as a basis for the assessment of loss of chance damage.

[Diagnosis of a rare and severe inflammatory bowel disease in an infant with peri-orificial ulcerations].

We report the case of an infant aged 8 and a half months, who had an apparent life-threatening event and died despite optimal resuscitation management. The medical history was marked by mild symptoms, mainly feeding difficulties and progressively settling skin lesions. Parents were related (first cousins) and the patient had two healthy older sisters.

Cyclosporin A: A Repurposable Drug in the Treatment of COVID-19?

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now at the forefront of major health challenge faced globally, creating an urgent need for safe and efficient therapeutic strategies. Given the high attrition rates, high costs, and quite slow development of drug discovery, repurposing of known FDA-approved molecules is increasingly becoming an attractive issue in order to quickly find molecules capable of preventing and/or curing COVID-19 patients. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a common anti-rejection drug widely used in transplantation, has recently been shown to exhibit substantial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral activity and anti-COVID-19 effect.

Megacystis in the first trimester of pregnancy: Prognostic factors and perinatal outcomes.

Objective: To determine whether bladder size is associated with an unfavorable neonatal outcome, in the case of first-trimester megacystis.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective observational study between 2009 and 2019 in two prenatal diagnosis centers. The inclusion criterion was an enlarged bladder (> 7 mm) diagnosed at the first ultrasound exam between 11 and 13+6 weeks of gestation.

Pictorial review of the postmortem computed tomography in neonaticide cases.

Neonaticide is defined by the deliberate killing or homicide of a child within 24 h of its birth. In this context, three fundamental questions are generally asked of the forensic pathologist: what is the cause of death of the neonate? Was the child viable (i.e.

Novel partial loss-of-function variants in the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (YARS1) gene involved in multisystem disease.

Cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are emerging as a cause of numerous rare inherited diseases. Recently, biallelic variants in tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (YARS1) have been described in ten patients of three families with multi-systemic disease (failure to thrive, developmental delay, liver dysfunction, and lung cysts). Here, we report an additional subject with overlapping clinical findings, heterozygous for two novel variants in tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (NM_003680.

Injuries from alleged accidental minor head trauma in a prospective cohort of children aged 0-3 years in an emergency department.

Introduction: Minor head trauma in the child, whether accidental or inflicted, is a frequent reason for seeking medical attention. Our aim is to describe the characteristics of minor head trauma in children aged 0-3 years and the resulting injuries. This in order to help the clinician to suspect and thelegal expert to confirm intentional abuse.

[Point of view: A lesson from lockdown, histopathology through videoconferencing].

The use of videoconferencing had increased significantly during lockdown. During this period, videoconferencing has been used in the pathological department of pathology (Timone university hospital, Marseille, France) for academic, diagnosis and referral. We provide our point of view regarding the use of this tool.

[Low grade glioma with MYBL1 alteration: Case report of an uncommon pediatric neoplasm].

Diffuse gliomas with MYB or MYBL1 alterations are rare tumours mostly affecting children or young adults with long-term epilepsy. This category of glioma includes two morphological subtypes. The angiocentric subtype is characterized by an angiocentric pattern of growth and a frequent MYB:QKI fusion.

Study of cerebrospinal injuries by force transmission secondary to mandibular impacts using a finite element model.

Brain and cervical injuries are often described after major facial impacts but rarely after low-intensity mandibular impacts. Force transmission to the brain and spinal cord from a mandibular impact such as a punch was evaluated by the creation and validation of a complete finite element model of the head and neck. Anteroposterior uppercut impacts on the jaw were associated with considerable extension and strong stresses at the junction of the brainstem and spinal cord.

Does the medical autopsy still have a place in the current diagnostic process? A 6-year retrospective study in two French University hospitals.

Medical autopsies have been in considerable decline for several decades, in France and worldwide. We aimed to determine whether a medical autopsy still currently has a role to play in diagnosis, by analyzing its performance and diagnostic limitations. This dual-centre retrospective descriptive study included all medical autopsies performed in the university hospitals of Lille and Marseille, France, between January 2007 and December 2012.

Histological dating of subarachnoid hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage in infants.

Background: Dating the traumatic event is usually done on subdural hematoma (SDH). After infant deaths due to Abusive head trauma (AHT) without SDH available, the magistrates still ask experts to date the traumatic event. To do so, the expert only has tools based on adult series of AHT.

Lung density measurement in postmortem computed tomography: a new tool to assess immediate neonatal breath in suspected neonaticides.

Intro: Evidence of breath after birth is one of the main forensic issues in suspected neonaticide. Hydrostatic test (HT) and pathological examination are currently used to assess it, but they are not entirely reliable or immediately available.

Objective: To determine the performance of postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) to assess neonatal breath in suspected neonaticide, by comparing lung CT attenuation values between live birth and stillbirth cases, in correlation with HT and pathology.

Rechallenge of carboplatin-gemcitabine based chemotherapy for rapidly progressing metastatic collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney leading to a delayed and durable complete response: A case report.

Renal collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of kidney cancer with poor prognosis. We report a case of one patient, who was successfully treated with gemcitabine-platin based chemotherapy for polymetastatic renal CDC, and experienced a late and prolonged complete remission. In June 2014, a 69-year-old male patient was diagnosed with non-metastatic renal CDC.