Melatonin enhances cell death and suppresses the metastatic capacity of ovarian cancer cells by attenuating the signaling of multiple kinases.

Background: Ovarian cancer is a highly aggressive disease that is frequently diagnosed in advanced stages. Melatonin, with its numerous antitumor properties, holds great promise in cancer treatment. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin on apoptosis, cell migration, and kinase levels in human ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 cells and determined whether these effects are mediated by the activation of the MT1 receptor.

Orofacial anti-hypernociceptive effect of citral in acute and persistent inflammatory models in rats.

Unlabelled: Orofacial pain has significant psychological and physiological effects. Citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal) is the main component of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, an herb with analgesic properties. Although citral has been considered a potent analgesic, its putative effects on orofacial pain are still unknown.

Citral Modulates MMP-2 and MMP-9 Activities on Healing of Gastric Ulcers Associated with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.

Obesity causes low-grade inflammation that results in the development of comorbidities. In people with obesity, exacerbation of gastric lesion severity and delayed healing may aggravate gastric mucosal lesions. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the citral effects on gastric lesion healing in eutrophic and obese animals.

Role of the antioxidant pathway in the healing of peptic ulcers induced by ischemia-reperfusion in male and female rats treated with Eugenia punicifolia.

Ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced gastrointestinal disorders are caused by free radicals, resulting in organ damage and functional disarrangement. This study aimed to investigate the healing effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from the leaves of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (HEEP) in male and female Wistar rats with I/R-induced peptic injuries, and the role of antioxidants in improving this response.

Genotoxicity induced by nerol, an essential oil present in citric plants using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and HepG2/C3A cells as a model.

Nerol (-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol) is a monoterpene widely used in cosmetic products, household detergents and cleaners, as well as a flavoring in several food products. Despite the high level of human exposure to nerol, an absence of studies regarding potential genetic toxicity in human cells exists. The aim of this investigation was to examine the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of this monoterpene on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as hepatic metabolizing HepG2/C3A human cell line.

The essential oil from Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC improves gastric ulcer healing in rats through modulation of VEGF and MMP-2 activity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC known as "carqueja" in Brazil has been acknowledged as a medicinal plant in folk medicine for the treatment of stomach aches and gastrointestinal disorders.

Aim Of The Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective and healing effects of essential oil from B.

Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition.

The concept of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) states that exposure to malnutrition early in life increase the incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases throughout the lifespan. In this study, a reduction in serum testosterone and an increase in estrogen levels were shown in older rats born to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactation. Intraprostatic levels of reduced glutathione were decreased, while tissue expression of glutathione S-transferase pi and sulfiredoxin-1 were increased in these animals.

A Review of the Role of Flavonoids in Peptic Ulcer (2010-2020).

Peptic ulcers are characterized by erosions on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract that may reach the muscle layer. Their etiology is multifactorial and occurs when the balance between offensive and protective factors of the mucosa is disturbed. Peptic ulcers represent a global health problem, affecting millions of people worldwide and showing high rates of recurrence.

Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Terpenes in Experimental Models (2010-2020): A Review.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved.

Organic Selenium Reaches the Central Nervous System and Downmodulates Local Inflammation: A Complementary Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The persistent inflammation is being mainly attributed to local oxidative stress and inflammasome activation implicated in the ensuing demyelination and axonal damage. Since new control measures remain necessary, we evaluated the preventive and therapeutic potential of a beta-selenium-lactic acid derivative (LAD-βSe), which is a source of organic selenium under development, to control experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that is an animal model for MS.

Hypothermic Effect of Acute Citral Treatment during LPS-induced Systemic Inflammation in Obese Mice: Reduction of Serum TNF-α and Leptin Levels.

Citral is a mixture of monoterpenes present in the essential oil of several plants, such as and , possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, and antipyretic actions. We investigated the action of citral on body temperature (Tb) and inflammatory signaling in eutrophic and obese mice during Systemic Inflammation (SI) induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thus, we assessed the effect of citral (25, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and ibuprofen in LPS-induced SI in Swiss male mice fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks.

(Vell.) Stellfeld Alleviates Acute Pain and Inflammation: Potential Mechanisms of Action.

(Vell.) Stellfeld (Fabaceae) known in Brazil as "jacaranda de espinho" or "espinheira santa nativa" is a medicinal plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat ulcers, cough and diarrhea. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from M.

Terminalia catappa L. infusion accelerates the healing process of gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae), known as "amendoeira da praia" in Brazil, has been recognized as a medicinal plant in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and other inflammatory conditions. The present study aimed to investigate the preventive and healing effects of the infusion of leaves of T.

Systematic Analysis of Monoterpenes: Advances and Challenges in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Diseases.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a multifactorial and complex disease caused by an imbalance of protective and aggressive factors (endogenous and exogenous). Despite advances in recent years, it is still responsible for substantial mortality and triggering clinical problems. Over the last decades, the understanding of PUD has changed a lot with the discovery of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Chrysin Modulates Genes Related to Inflammation, Tissue Remodeling, and Cell Proliferation in the Gastric Ulcer Healing.

Chrysin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Here, the gastroprotective effect of chrysin was investigated in mouse models of gastric ulcer induced by absolute ethanol, acetic acid, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The gastric-healing effect was evaluated at 7 and 14 days after treatment; the mechanism of action was verified using the expression of metalloproteinase 2 () and 9 (), caspase-3, cyclooxygenase 1 () and 2 (), epidermal growth factor (), and interleukin-10.

Citral presents cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in human cultured cells.

Citral, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al, one of the main components of the essential oils obtained from several plants, is used as a food additive and as a fragrance for detergents, cosmetics and other toiletries. The literature shows disparity regarding citral genotoxicity. Thus, the main objective of our work was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of citral in human cell cultures, HepG2 and leukocytes.

Byrsonima intermedia A. Juss partitions promote gastroprotection against peptic ulcers and improve healing through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Byrsonima intermedia is a species of bush popularly used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastric ulcers, gastritis, and diarrhea. Previous studies have revealed that the methanolic crude extract of B. intermedia leaves has gastroprotective and healing properties.

Genotoxic effects induced by beta-myrcene following metabolism by liver HepG2/C3A human cells.

Beta-myrcene [or myrcene (1,6-Octadiene, 7-methyl-3-methylene-)] and the essential oils containing this monoterpene have been widely used in cosmetics, detergents, and soaps, and as flavoring additives for food and beverages. Due to the potentially high level of human exposure to beta-myrcene, and absence of studies involving its genotoxicity in human cells, the aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of this terpenoid in non-metabolizing cells (leukocytes) and liver metabolizing cells (HepG2/C3A cells). Prior to the genotoxic assessment by the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays, a range of beta-myrcene concentrations was tested in a preliminary MTT assay.

Can the gastric healing effect of Eugenia punicifolia be the same in male and female rats?

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae), an Amazonian medicinal plant known as "pedra-ume-caá," is popularly used as a natural remedy for inflammation, wounds, infections, diabetes, fever, and flu. Its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and gastroprotective effects have already been characterized.

Chemical constituents and allelopathic activity of Benth.

The analysis by HPLC-PDA of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of together with the injection of the fractions containing the already identified metabolites allowed the detection of at least 5 flavonoids, of which two are derived from apigenin and three from luteolin. After isolating larger amounts of isovitexin (I), assays were performed to evaluate the allelopathic activity together with the crude extract. The results show that the initial inhibition indexes were very similar to those observed in the treatments with F17 (Fraction enriched in isovitexin) and F18 (isovitexin), mainly in the concentrations of 500 and 1000 mg L.

Sex-specific effects of extract on gastric ulcer healing in rats.

Aim: To evaluate the sex-specific effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from (HEEP) leaves on gastric ulcer healing.

Methods: In this rat study involving males, intact (cycling) females, and ovariectomized females, gastric ulcers were induced using acetic acid. A vehicle, lansoprazole, or HEEP was administered for 14 d after ulcer induction.

Multielement analysis of plant extracts with potential use in the treatment of peptic ulcers by synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence.

Some plants popularly employed for the treatment of peptic ulcers have proved to be attractive sources of new drugs. Despite extensive research, the pharmacological and toxicological potentials of these plants are not fully understood. In this context, the aim of this work was to analyze the multielemental composition of the methanolic extracts of three of those plants, (AG), (DE) and (DN), with the intention of contributing to the understanding of the mechanisms of action of these extracts.

Involvement of Opioid System, TRPM8, and ASIC Receptors in Antinociceptive Effect of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC) Bureau.

(DC) Bureau is a medicinal plant found in Brazil. Known as "cipó-una", it is popularly used as a natural therapeutic agent against pain and inflammation. This study evaluated the chemical composition and antinociceptive activity of the dichloromethane fraction from the roots of (DEAB) and its mechanism of action.

Antipyretic Effects of Citral and Possible Mechanisms of Action.

Citral is a mixture of the two monoterpenoid isomers (neral and geranial) widely used as a health-promoting food additive safe for human and animal (approved by the US Food and Drug Administration). In vitro studies have reported on the capability of citral to reduce inflammation. Here, we report antipyretic effects of citral in vivo using the most well-accepted model of sickness syndrome, i.

Anti-inflammatory intestinal activity of Cambess. in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis model.

Aim: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory intestinal effect of the ethanolic extract (EtOHE) and hexane phase (HexP) obtained from the leaves of ().

Methods: Inflammatory bowel disease was induced using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in acute and relapsed ulcerative colitis in rat models. Damage scores, and biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated.