Unit Leadership and Climates for Evidence-Based Practice Implementation in Maternal-Infant Health Units: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study.

Aims: To describe unit leadership and climates for evidence-based practice implementation and test for differences in unit leader and staff nurses' perceptions within maternal-infant units.

Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study.

Methods: A convenience sample of maternal-infant unit leaders and nurses (labour, postpartum, neonatal intensive care, paediatrics) from four Midwestern United States hospitals completed a survey including the Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) and Implementation Climate Scale (ICS).

Using RE-AIM Framework to Evaluate Recovery Opioid Overdose Team Plus: A Peer-Led Post-overdose Quick Response Team.

Peer recovery coaches utilize their lived experiences to support overdose survivors, a role gaining prominence across communities. A convergent mixed methods design, informed by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, was used to evaluate the Recovery Opioid Overdose Team Plus (ROOT +), through an iterative evaluation using web-based surveys and qualitative interviews. Reach: Over 27 months, ROOT + responded to 83% of suspected overdose referrals (n = 607) and engaged with 41% of survivors (n = 217) and 7% of survivors' family/friends (n = 38).

ArtSpective™ for Perinatal Substance Use: Feasibility of an Arts-Based Intervention Addressing Stigma.

Objective: The purpose of this proof-of-concept pilot study was to test the initial feasibility and limited efficacy of ArtSpective™ for perinatal substance use (PSU), a novel, arts-based intervention designed to decrease stigmatizing attitudes toward PSU.

Methods: Using a pre-post mixed methods quasi-experimental design, ArtSpective™ for PSU was pilot tested for proof of concept among a convenience sample of 11 undergraduate and graduate students with experience in maternal-infant nursing from a Midwestern U.S.

Effectiveness of take ACTION online naloxone training for law enforcement officers.

Background: Training law enforcement officers (LEOs) to administer naloxone is a recommended strategy to reduce overdose deaths in the United States. To achieve this, an evidence-based and scalable naloxone training curriculum that is easy to use and readily scalable is needed. Convenient web-based training is a flexible method for delivering educational interventions particularly for LEOs who have irregular or shifting schedules.

Integrating Neonatal Intensive Care Into a Family Birth Center: Describing the Integrated NICU (I-NIC).

Background: Parent-infant separation resulting from admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is often reported as the most challenging and distressing experience for parents. Aiming to mitigate the stress of parent-infant separation, a new neonatal care model was designed to integrate NIC with delivery and postpartum care. Yet, little is known about the model and its implementation.

Adolescents' Nicotine/Tobacco Dependency Symptoms Using 4 Waves of PATH Data.

Objective: We aimed to characterize male and female adolescents' use of e-cigarettes, cigarettes and dual use, and seven symptoms of nicotine/tobacco dependence using four waves of national data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.

Methods: The analytic sample included 2902 adolescents 12-17 years who indicated past 30-day e-cigarette or cigarette use at least once between 2013-2018. Items from the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) were used to report dependence symptoms.

Use of Opioid-Sparing Protocols and Perceived Postpartum Pain in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Chronic Prenatal Opioid Exposure.

Introduction: Opioid-sparing protocols reduce postpartum opioid prescribing in opioid-naïve patients; however, patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and complex pain needs who may benefit from these protocols are typically excluded from them. We assessed postpartum pain experiences of patients with OUD and chronic prenatal opioid exposure after implementation of an opioid-sparing protocol.

Methods: A phone survey assessed postpartum pain experiences for people with chronic prenatal opioid exposure who delivered between January 2020 and August 2021 at an academic hospital.

Perceptual differences in nursing implementation leadership and climate: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The literature on perceptual differences between managers and staff regarding social dynamic factors (e.g., leadership, climate) in nursing settings is sparse.

Associations Among Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Stressors.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related stressors (eg, exposure, infection worry, self-quarantining) can result in heightened levels of distress and symptoms of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, we collected survey data from a convenience sample of 670 postpartum persons who gave birth to a newborn during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The presence of PTSD symptoms was measured using the 21-item Birth Memories And Recall Questionnaire (BirthMARQ) and defined as an affirmative rating for each item (score of 5 to 7 on a 1 to 7 agreement scale).

Advancing rapid adaptation for urgent public health crises: Using implementation science to facilitate effective and efficient responses.

Responding rapidly to emerging public health crises is vital to reducing their escalation, spread, and impact on population health. These responses, however, are challenging and disparate processes for researchers and practitioners. Researchers often develop new interventions that take significant time and resources, with little exportability.

Primary care nurses' perception of leadership and the influence of individual and work setting characteristics: A descriptive study.

Aims: The aim of this study is to describe primary care nurses' perceptions of their formal leaders' leadership behaviours and outcomes and explore differences based upon nurses' individual and work setting characteristics.

Background: Formal nursing leadership is positively associated with patient, nurse workforce and organizational outcomes, yet no studies have examined primary care nurses' perception of formal leadership behaviours and outcomes in the United States.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey data from 335 primary care nurses were analysed to assess perceived leadership behaviours associated with transformational, transactional and passive-avoidant leadership styles, perceived leadership outcomes and individual and work setting characteristics.

Validity and Reliability of the Modified Attitudes About Drug Use in Pregnancy Scale.

Objective: To contemporize the Attitudes About Drug Abuse in Pregnancy questionnaire, keep the length of the modified scale brief to promote use, and test the psychometric properties of the modified scale among perinatal nurses.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Four hospitals in the Midwestern United States.

Postpartum depression and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To describe postpartum depression and associated risk factors among postpartum patients in the United States (US) between February and July 2020. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design to collect survey data from a convenience sample of postpartum patients who lived in the US and delivered a live infant after the US declared COVID-19 a public health emergency.

Results: Our sample included 670 postpartum patients who completed an online survey inclusive of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and selected demographic items (e.

"Mourning the Experience of What Should Have Been": Experiences of Peripartum Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may significantly affect the peripartum experience; however, little is known about the perceptions of women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the purpose of our study was to describe the peripartum experiences of women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we collected survey data from a convenience sample of postpartum women recruited through social media.

Parents' pandemic NICU experience in the United States: a qualitative study.

Background: Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, parents of infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) frequently reported high levels of stress, uncertainty, and decreased parenting confidence. Early research has demonstrated that parents have had less access to their infants in the hospital due to restrictions on parental presence secondary to the pandemic. It is unknown how parents have perceived their experiences in the NICU since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Elucidating the context for implementing nonpharmacologic care for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: a qualitative study of perinatal nurses.

Background: Up to 95% of neonates exposed to opioids in utero experience neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome at birth. Nonpharmacologic approaches (e.g.

Impacts of Neonatal Hospitalization on Families during the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic.

Objective: Limited data are available regarding family and financial well-being among parents whose infants were hospitalized during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The study objective was to evaluate the family and financial well-being of parents whose infants were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during COVID-19.

Study Design: Parents were recruited for this online, cross-sectional survey via support groups on social media.

Validation of the Implementation Climate Scale in Nursing.

Background: One critical factor in effective implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in nursing is an organizational context that facilitates and supports implementation efforts. Measuring implementation climate can add useful insights on the extent to which the organizational context supports EBP implementation.

Aims: This study cross-validates and examines the psychometric properties of the Implementation Climate Scale (ICS), which measures nurses' perceptions of their unit's climate for EBP implementation.

Implementing Evidence-Informed Discharge Preparedness Tools in the NICU: Parents' Perceptions.

Background: Few studies address preparing parents of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants for infant discharge. Inadequate or ineffective parental preparedness for discharge can result in preventable emergency department and primary care visits. Parents' perceptions are needed to inform development and implementation of effective educational tools to improve parent discharge preparedness in the NICU.

Preparing Nursing Contexts for Evidence-Based Practice Implementation: Where Should We Go From Here?

Background: Context is important to the adoption and sustainability of evidence-based practices (EBPs). Currently, most published implementation efforts address context in relation to one specific EBP or a bundle of related EBPs. Since EBP and implementation are ongoing and dynamic, more discussion is needed on preparing nursing contexts to be more conducive to implementation generally.

Development and preliminary testing of the collaboration for leadership and innovation in mentoring survey: An instrument of nursing PhD mentorship quality.

Background: High-quality PhD nursing student mentorship facilitates student and program success. Extant literature recommends evaluating and improving mentorship to foster optimal PhD student development. However, a comprehensive measure capturing all aspects of mentorship salient to PhD nursing student wellbeing and success is not available.

Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale's use, reliability, and validity: a systematic review.

The Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N-PASS) is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to measure neonatal pain and sedation. However, little is known regarding its reliability and validity for diverse neonatal subpopulations. Twenty-nine studies were included in our review, demonstrating broad application of N-PASS and good or excellent reliability and validity for various neonatal subpopulations.

Engaging Mothers to Implement Nonpharmacological Care for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Perceptions of Perinatal and Pediatric Nurses.

Background: Little is known about nurse perceptions regarding engagement of mothers in implementation of nonpharmacological care for opioid-exposed infants.

Purpose: This study was designed to describe perinatal and pediatric nurse perceptions of (1) engaging mothers in the care of opioid-exposed infants and (2) facilitators and barriers to maternal engagement.

Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive design to interview perinatal and pediatric nurses in one Midwest United States hospital.