Shoulder Pain in a Pediatric Throwing Athlete.

Pediatric avulsion fractures most commonly occur at sites of secondary ossification and are often associated with chronic stress from repetitive movements. Because of a variety of risk factors, youth athletes place higher stress on ossification centers, and their activities may predispose them to injury. This case report describes a 12-year-old female softball player who presented with pain at the distal acromion, worsened by her overhead throwing motion.

Two-Stage Total Knee Arthroplasty Revision With Extended Antibiotic Spacer Use.

Despite the many benefits of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the treatment of degenerative arthritis, infection of the total knee prosthesis presents a dangerous post-operative complication affecting 0.5-1.9% of all cases.