Mapping of the Glucose Metabolism Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: Correlation With 2-Deoxyglucose Uptake.

Objective: 2-Deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) is widely used for noninvasive imaging of atherosclerosis. However, knowledge about metabolic processes underlying [F]FDG uptake is mostly derived from cell culture studies, which cannot recapitulate the complexities of the plaque microenvironment. Here, we sought to address this gap by mapping of the activity of selected major dehydrogenases involved in glucose metabolism in atherosclerotic plaques.

Comparative genome analysis of cluster EF bacteriophages Ajin and OverHedge isolated from soil in Tennessee.

Bacteriophages Ajin and OverHedge were isolated from soil in Tennessee using the bacterium . Ajin and OverHedge (cluster EF) have a genome of 56,993 bp and 56,559 bp, containing 86 and 81 predicted genes, respectively. The Ajin genome has unique genes, phosphatase and glycosyltransferase, compared to the OverHedge.

Noninvasive assessment of the lung inflammation-fibrosis axis by targeted imaging of CMKLR1.

Precision management of fibrotic lung diseases is challenging due to their diverse clinical trajectories and lack of reliable biomarkers for risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring. Here, we validated the accuracy of CMKLR1 as an imaging biomarker of the lung inflammation-fibrosis axis. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, we demonstrated expression as a transient signature of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMφ) enriched in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

VIP interneurons regulate cortical size tuning and visual perception.

Cortical circuit function is regulated by extensively interconnected, diverse populations of GABAergic interneurons that may play key roles in shaping circuit operation according to behavioral context. A specialized population of interneurons that co-express vasoactive intestinal peptides (VIP-INs) are activated during arousal and innervate other INs and pyramidal neurons (PNs). Although state-dependent modulation of VIP-INs has been extensively studied, their role in regulating sensory processing is less well understood.

Targeted imaging of very late antigen-4 for noninvasive assessment of lung inflammation-fibrosis axis.

Background: The lack of noninvasive methods for assessment of dysregulated inflammation as a major driver of fibrosis (i.e., inflammation-fibrosis axis) has been a major challenge to precision management of fibrotic lung diseases.

VIP interneurons regulate cortical size tuning and visual perception.

Local cortical circuit function is regulated by diverse populations of GABAergic interneurons with distinct properties and extensive interconnectivity. Inhibitory-to-inhibitory interactions between interneuron populations may play key roles in shaping circuit operation according to behavioral context. A specialized population of GABAergic interneurons that co-express vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP-INs) are activated during arousal and locomotion and innervate other local interneurons and pyramidal neurons.

Developmental loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons disrupts state-dependent cortical circuit dynamics.

GABAergic inhibition plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of cortical circuits during development. Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) and its interneuron-specific receptor ErbB4 are key elements of a signaling pathway critical for the maturation and proper synaptic connectivity of interneurons. Using conditional deletions of the ERBB4 gene in mice, we tested the role of this signaling pathway at two developmental timepoints in parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons, the largest subpopulation of cortical GABAergic cells.

2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography to Monitor Lung Inflammation and Therapeutic Response to Dexamethasone in a Murine Model of Acute Lung Injury.

Purpose: To image inflammation and monitor therapeutic response to anti-inflammatory intervention using 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in a preclinical model of acute lung injury (ALI).

Procedures: Mice were intratracheally administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2.5 mg/kg) to induce ALI or phosphate-buffered saline as the vehicle control.

Molecular imaging of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) in experimental acute lung injury.

The lack of techniques for noninvasive imaging of inflammation has challenged precision medicine management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we determined the potential of positron emission tomography (PET) of chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1) to monitor lung inflammation in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced injury. Lung uptake of a CMKLR1-targeting radiotracer, [Cu]NODAGA-CG34, was significantly increased in lipopolysaccharide-induced injury, correlated with the expression of multiple inflammatory markers, and reduced by dexamethasone treatment.