Patterns of substance-involved intimate partner violence perpetration: Findings from a daily diary study.

Background: Previous work has linked substance use to intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, but the extent to which patterns of substance use influence patterns of IPV perpetration is unclear.

Methods: Women (N = 216, M = 40.7 years [SD = 13.

Strategic and Performance Planning in US Local Health Departments: A Comparative Analysis of Strategic, Community Health Improvement, and Quality Improvement Plans.

Context: Local health departments (LHDs) are a critical component of the US public health infrastructure. To guide their work and evaluate progress, LHDs develop and maintain a range of planning documents, including strategic plans (SPs), community health improvement plans (CHIPs), and quality improvement plans (QIPs).

Objective: The goal of this study was to provide information on current LHD practices related to strategic planning and performance improvement.

A Comparison of Outcomes of Standard Weight-Based and Capped Doses of Albumin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis.

Background: Albumin is recommended in the management of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) to reduce rates of renal injury and mortality. Current guideline recommendations suggest an intravenous albumin dosing regimen of 1.5 g/kg on day 1 and 1 g/kg on day 3, although a maximum dosing strategy is not well-defined.

Healthcare resource utilization with adjunctive cariprazine and other atypical antipsychotics in patients with major depressive disorder.

Objective: Little is known about the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with different adjunctive atypical antipsychotics (AAs) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This analysis evaluated HRU in patients with MDD treated adjunctively with cariprazine versus other AAs.

Methods: Merative MarketScan databases were searched for claims made from 01/01/2018 to 12/31/2020 (Medicaid) or 3/31/2021 (commercial and Medicare).

Genetic ancestry concordant RNA splicing in prostate cancer involves oncogenic genes and associates with recurrence.

Black men suffer disproportionately from prostate cancer (PCa) compared to men of other races and ethnicities. Comparing the molecular landscape of PCa among Black and White patients has the potential to identify targets for development of new precision medicine interventions. Herein, we conducted transcriptomic analysis of prostate tumors and paired tumor-adjacent normals from self-reported Black and White PCa patients and estimated patient genetic ancestry.

Novel Pharmacologic Treatments of Female Sexual Dysfunction.

This review evaluates pharmacologic treatments for female sexual dysfunction (FSD), focusing on hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). We provide clinically relevant applications for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications (flibanserin and bremelanotide) and investigational therapies (Lorexys and testosterone combinations). Detailed study outcomes, safety profiles, and clinical strategies guide clinicians in appropriate diagnosis, patient selection, expectation setting, side effect management, and patient education, improving treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Healthcare resource utilization and costs of using cariprazine as the first versus subsequent adjunctive therapy for major depressive disorder.

Aim: Inadequate response to antidepressant therapy (ADT) is common in major depressive disorder (MDD); atypical antipsychotic (AA) adjunctive therapy may be effective for these patients. This study aimed to compare healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs between patients initiating the AA cariprazine as their first adjunctive therapy vs those initiating cariprazine subsequently.

Methods: The Merative MarketScan Commercial Database (January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2021) was used to identify US adults with MDD and ≥1 pharmacy claim for cariprazine adjunctive to ADT in 2018 or after.

Development and Evaluation of an Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection of Oral Cancer (mDOC) Imaging System to Aid in Risk-based Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions.

Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders associated with an increased risk for oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation.

The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.

To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively.

On the accuracy bounds of high-order image correlation spectroscopy.

High-order image correlation spectroscopy (HICS) or related image-based cumulant analysis of emitter species are important for identifying properties and concentrations of biomolecules or nanoparticles. However, lack of a thorough parameter space test limits its use in full potential. The current study focused on mapping accuracy bounds of bimodal species concentration space by simulating and analysing more than 2 × 10 images (∼10 data points).

Effect of Sarcobesity Index and Body Adipose Tissue Variables on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Performance in Colorectal Surgery Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The prognostic significance of body composition variables has become a popular area of research over the recent years. This study aimed to determine whether adipose tissue variables and sarcobesity index measured by computed tomography (CT) could predict cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performance and long-term mortality in patients undergoing major colorectal surgery. The Strengthening the Reporting of Cohort Studies in Surgery (STROCSS) statement standards were followed to conduct a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients who had CPET prior to major colorectal surgery between January 2011 and January 2017.

Phase-Sensitive Fluorescence Image Correlation Spectroscopy.

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy is sensitive to molecular interactions and environments. In homo-dyne frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, images of fluorescence objects are acquired at different phase settings of the detector. The detected intensity as a function of detector phase is a sinusoidal function that is sensitive to the lifetime of the fluorescent species.

Effects of Gepirone-ER on Sexual Function in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.

To describe effects of gepirone extended-release (ER), an azapirone, on sexual function in patients receiving treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Sexual function was assessed in 1,767 patients (67% women) across five Phase 3 randomized controlled clinical trials comparing gepirone-ER against placebo or active treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treatment of MDD. All five trials assessed sexual functioning in the short term (8 weeks), with three including long-term extensions of 16, 20, or 44 weeks.

Automated Optimization of a Multistep, Multiphase Continuous Flow Process for Pharmaceutical Synthesis.

Flow synthesis is becoming increasingly relevant as a sustainable and safe alternative to traditional batch processes, as reaction conditions that are not usually achievable in batch chemistry can be exploited (for example, higher temperatures and pressures). Telescoped continuous reactions have the potential to reduce waste by decreasing the number of separate unit operations (e.g.

Evaluation of a Quality Measure for Multiple Sclerosis Care: Disease-Modifying Therapy Initiation at the University of North Carolina's Outpatient Neurology Clinic.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition leading to significant disability and challenges to quality of life. To slow progression and reduce relapses, it is critical to rapidly initiate disease-modifying therapy (DMT) after diagnosis. Patient demographics may play a role in timely DMT initiation.

Implications of the Cass Review for health policy governing gender medicine for Australian minors.

Objective: To summarize the key recommendations of England's independent inquiry into gender identity services for children and young people (the Cass Review) and to evaluate their relevance to Australian health policy.

Conclusions: The Cass Review's findings and recommendations have clear applicability to Australian health policy. As a matter of priority, Australian health authorities need to seriously engage with the Cass Review's findings and recommendations.

Surface Acoustic Wave-Enhanced Multi-View Acoustofluidic Rotation Cytometry (MARC) for Pre-Cytopathological Screening.

Cytopathology, crucial in disease diagnosis, commonly uses microscopic slides to scrutinize cellular abnormalities. However, processing high volumes of samples often results in numerous negative diagnoses, consuming significant time and resources in healthcare. To address this challenge, a surface acoustic wave-enhanced multi-view acoustofluidic rotation cytometry (MARC) technique is developed for pre-cytopathological screening.

Unleashing leadership potential in unprecedented times: Lessons learned from an evaluation of a virtual cohort-based adaptive leadership program for public health executives.

Objectives: This paper presents the evaluation results from the Adaptive Leadership Academy (ALA), a pilot program aimed at developing executive-level leaders in public and community health.

Study Design: Mixed methods study.

Methods: The evaluation followed the Kirkpatrick Model to assess program participants' satisfaction with the training, knowledge and skill gain, and behavior change.

Sharing Data from the Human Tumor Atlas Network through Standards, Infrastructure, and Community Engagement.

The Data Coordinating Center (DCC) of the Human Tumor Atlas Network (HTAN) has played a crucial role in enabling the broad sharing and effective utilization of HTAN data within the scientific community. Data from the first phase of HTAN are now available publicly. We describe the diverse datasets and modalities shared, multiple access routes to HTAN assay data and metadata, data standards, technical infrastructure and governance approaches, as well as our approach to sustained community engagement.

Insights into Halogen-Induced Changes in 4-Anilinoquinazoline EGFR Inhibitors: A Computational Spectroscopic Study.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a pivotal target in cancer therapy due to its significance within the tyrosine kinase family. EGFR inhibitors like AG-1478 and PD153035, featuring a 4-anilinoquinazoline moiety, have garnered global attention for their potent therapeutic activities. While pre-clinical studies have highlighted the significant impact of halogen substitution at the C3'-anilino position on drug potency, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Identifying MAGE-A4-positive tumors for TCR T cell therapies in HLA-A∗02-eligible patients.

T cell receptor (TCR) T cell therapies target tumor antigens in a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted manner. Biomarker-defined therapies require validation of assays suitable for determination of patient eligibility. For clinical trials evaluating TCR T cell therapies targeting melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), screening in studies NCT02636855 and NCT04044768 assesses patient eligibility based on: (1) high-resolution HLA typing and (2) tumor MAGE-A4 testing via an immunohistochemical assay in HLA-eligible patients.