Functional characterization of yeast telomerase RNA dimerization.

Telomerase is the cellular RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (i.e. reverse transcriptase) that uses an integral RNA template to synthesize telomeric DNA repeats at the ends of linear chromosomes.

Viral RNA is required for the association of APOBEC3G with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleoprotein complexes.

APOBEC3G (APO3G) is a host cytidine deaminase that is incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles. We report here that viral RNA promotes stable association of APO3G with HIV-1 nucleoprotein complexes (NPC). A target sequence located within the 5'-untranslated region of the HIV-1 RNA was identified to be necessary and sufficient for efficient APO3G packaging.

Interactions of OspA monoclonal antibody C3.78 with Borrelia burgdorferi within ticks.

The Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA) vaccine induces antibodies that prevent transmission from the tick to the host. Here we describe studies with an OspA monoclonal antibody (C3.78) to understand the mechanism by which antibodies entering the tick block Borrelia transmission.

Evaluation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) replicon-based Outer surface protein A (OspA) vaccines in a tick challenge mouse model of Lyme disease.

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) virus replicon particles (VRPs) encoding Borrelia burgdorferi Outer surface protein A (OspA) were evaluated for their ability to induce an immune response and provide protection from tick-borne spirochetes. VRPs expressing ospA that accumulated intracellularly (VRP OspA) or that was secreted from host cells (VRP tPA-OspA) were tested. Both VRP OspA and VRP tPA-OspA expressed ospA in immunized mice.