Importance of Various E-Cigarette Device and E-Liquid Characteristics by Smoking Status among Young Adults Who Vape.

Background: E-cigarette product characteristics are known to influence appeal among young adults. Understanding which characteristics appeal to individuals with (vs. without) a history of combusted tobacco use is essential for developing effective tobacco control policies.

Differentiating Reasons for Young Adult E-cigarette Use Using Maximum Difference Choice Models.

Introduction: Understanding the reasons young adults use e-cigarettes (ie, vape)-and whether these motivations vary across groups-is essential for informing tobacco regulatory efforts.

Aims And Methods: An online panel of young adults who vape (n = 230; age = 18-30 years) completed a maximum difference discrete choice task for 15 reasons for vaping. Over 9 choice sets, participants were presented a subset of 5 reasons and selected the most and least important.

Effect of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs on US Smokers' Cognitions and Smoking Behavior After 3 Months: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The US Food and Drug Administration's implementation of graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs is under challenge in US courts.

Objective: To determine whether GWLs can affect US smokers' perceptions about their cigarettes or health consequences and changes in smoking behavior.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study was a randomized clinical trial of the effect of a 3-month, real-world experience of cigarettes with GWL packaging.

Real-world exposure to graphic warning labels on cigarette packages in US smokers: The CASA randomized trial protocol.

Background: The US lags behind >120 countries in implementing graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs. US courts prevented implementation of FDA's 2012 rule requiring GWLs citing the need for more evidence on effectiveness. After more research, in 2020, the FDA proposed a revised rule mandating GWLs.

Tool to assess appeal-aversion response to graphic warning labels on cigarette packs among US smokers.

Introduction: Graphic warning labels on cigarette packaging are mandated in 118 countries and are under consideration in the USA. We propose an appeal-aversion assessment tool to help regulators choose among graphic packaging options.

Methods: After familiarisation with different cigarette packaging, adult daily smokers (n=338) from San Diego, California, USA completed a discrete choice appeal-aversion purchasing task and provided information on nicotine dependence and sociodemographics (2017-2019).

Standardised cigarette packaging may reduce the implied safety of Natural American Spirit cigarettes.

Background: Over two-thirds of Natural American Spirit (NAS) smokers believe their cigarettes might be 'less harmful', but toxicological evidence does not support this belief. We assessed whether standardised packaging could reduce the possibility of erroneous inferences of 'safety' drawn from NAS cigarette packaging.

Methods: US adult smokers (n=909) were recruited to a between-subject survey experiment (3 brands×3 packaging/labelling styles) through Amazon Mechanical Turk and rated their perception of whether a randomly assigned cigarette package conveyed that the brand was 'safer' on a three-item scale (Cronbach's α=0.