Vernalization Requirement, but Not Post-Vernalization Day Length, Conditions Flowering in Carrot ( L.).

Carrots require a certain number of cold hours to become vernalized and proceed to the reproductive stage, and this phenomenon is genotype-dependent. Annual carrots require less cold than biennials to flower; however, quantitative variation within annuals and biennials also exists, defining a gradient for vernalization requirement (VR). The flowering response of carrots to day length, after vernalization has occurred, is controversial.

Appetitive behavior of the honey bee in response to phenolic compounds naturally found in nectars.

The honey bee is the most frequently used species in pollination services for diverse crops. In onion crops (), however, bees avoid visiting certain varieties, being attracted differently to male sterile (MS) and fertile (OP) lines. These differences might be based on the phenolic profiles of the cultivars' nectars.

Microsatellite analysis and marker development in garlic: distribution in EST sequence, genetic diversity analysis, and marker transferability across Alliaceae.

Allium vegetables, such as garlic and onion, have understudied genomes and limited molecular resources, hindering advances in genetic research and breeding of these species. In this study, we characterized and compared the simple sequence repeats (SSR) landscape in the transcriptomes of garlic and related Allium (A. cepa, A.

Onion Hybrid Seed Production: Relation with Nectar Composition and Flower Traits.

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the main vegetable crops. Pollinators are required for onion seed production, being honeybees the most used.

Relationships Between Bioactive Compound Content and the Antiplatelet and Antioxidant Activities of Six Vegetable Species.

sp. vegetables are widely consumed for their characteristic flavour. Additionally, their consumption may provide protection against cardiovascular disease due to their antiplatelet and antioxidant activities.

Dataset on absorption spectra and bulb concentration of phenolic compounds that may interfere with onion pyruvate determinations.

We present data on absorption spectra (400-540 nm) and concentration of phenolic compounds quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, rutin, catechin, epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), in yellow, red and white onions. These data are related to the article entitled "Variability in spectrophotometric pyruvate analyses for predicting onion pungency and nutraceutical value" (Beretta et al., 2017) [1].

Variability in spectrophotometric pyruvate analyses for predicting onion pungency and nutraceutical value.

Onion pyruvate concentration is used as a predictor of flavor intensity and nutraceutical value. The protocol of Schwimmer and Weston (SW) (1961) is the most widespread methodology for estimating onion pyruvate. Anthon and Barret (AB) (2003) proposed modifications to this procedure.

Determination of alkaloids in onion nectar by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Nectar is the most important floral reward offered by plants to insects. Minor components such as alkaloid compounds in nectar affect bee foraging, with great influence in seed production. CE is an advantageous tool for the analysis of unexplored samples such as onion nectar due to the limited amounts of samples.

Catechin and quercetin attenuate adipose inflammation in fructose-fed rats and 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Scope: This study evaluated the capacity of dietary catechin (C), quercetin (Q), and the combination of both (CQ), to attenuate adipose inflammation triggered by high fructose (HFr) consumption in rats and by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Methods And Results: In rats, HFr consumption for 6 wk caused dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, reduced plasma adiponectin, adiposity, and adipose tissue inflammation. Dietary supplementation with 20 mg/kg/day of C, Q, and CQ improved all these parameters.

Nectar and flower traits of different onion male sterile lines related to pollination efficiency and seed yield of F1 hybrids.

Honey bees are the main pollinators of onion crops for seed production, but owing to low attractiveness of flowers, pollination is often inadequate. Pollination problems result in low seed yields. This problem is accentuated when male sterile lines (MSL) are used to produce hybrid onion seeds.

Molecular mapping of vernalization requirement and fertility restoration genes in carrot.

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a cool-season vegetable normally classified as a biennial species, requiring vernalization to induce flowering. Nevertheless, some cultivars adapted to warmer climates require less vernalization and can be classified as annual.

Effect of processing and cooking conditions on onion (Allium cepa L.) induced antiplatelet activity and thiosulfinate content.

Allium vegetables serve as sources of antiplatelet agents that may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, onion and garlic, the major Allium species, are usually cooked before consumption. Here, we examined the effect of cooking on onion in vitro antiplatelet activity (IVAA).

Garlic and onion attenuates vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats.

This study evaluates the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory properties of garlic (G) and onion (O) in fructose-fed rats (FFR). Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), F (10% fructose in drinking water), F+T (tempol 1 mM as control antioxidant), F+G, and F+O. Aqueous G and O extracts were administered orally in doses of 150 and 400 mg/kg/d respectively, and along with tempol, were given during the last 8 weeks of a 14-week period.

Aqueous garlic extracts prevent oxidative stress and vascular remodeling in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome.

The organosulfur profile and the effect on oxidative stress and vascular remodeling in fructose-fed rats (FFR) were evaluated in Fuego INTA and Morado INTA garlic cultivars. Wistar rats were fed either normal rat chow (control) or the same diet plus 10% fructose in drinking water. During the last 6 weeks of a 12 week period of the corresponding diet, a subgroup of control and FFR received an aqueous extract of Fuego INTA and Morado INTA.

Variability of solids, organosulfur compounds, pungency and health-enhancing traits in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars belonging to different ecophysiological groups.

Garlic is a vegetable mainly agamically propagated, and it has been dispersed all around the world. Garlic cultivars have been classified in different ecophysiological groups (EG) according to their bulbing requirements. The variability in organosulfur composition (ACSOs), solids content (SC), pungency (PC) and antiplatelet activity (IAA) and the correlation among these traits in garlic clones belonging to three EG was studied.

Effect of cooking on garlic (Allium sativum L.) antiplatelet activity and thiosulfinates content.

The raw form of garlic and some of its preparations are widely recognized as antiplatelet agents that may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Herein, we examined the in-vitro antiaggregatory activity (IVAA) of human blood platelets induced by extracts of garlic samples that were previously heated (in the form of crushed versus uncrushed cloves) using different cooking methods and intensities. The concentrations of allicin and pyruvate, two predictors of antiplatelet strength, were also monitored.

QTL affecting soluble carbohydrate concentrations in stored onion bulbs and their association with flavor and health-enhancing attributes.

Onion bulbs accumulate fructans, a type of soluble carbohydrate associated with lower rates of colorectal cancers. Higher fructan concentrations in bulbs are correlated with higher pungency, longer dormancy, and greater onion-induced antiplatelet activity (OIAA). We analyzed replicated field trials of a segregating family for types and concentrations of soluble carbohydrates in onion bulbs 90 days after harvest.