Ethanol increases tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor-1 (TNF-R1) levels in hepatic, intestinal, and cardiac cells.

Chronic ethanol consumption leads to cell injury in virtually every tissue. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) constitutes a major factor in the development of alcohol-induced liver injury. In alcohol-dependent subjects, elevated levels of plasma TNF-alpha are strongly predictive of mortality.

ESR spin trapping studies of free radicals generated from nitrofuran derivative analogues of nifurtimox by electrochemical and Trypanosoma cruzi reduction.

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of radicals obtained from two analogues of the antiprotozoal drug nifurtimox by electrolytic and Trypanosoma cruzi reduction were analyzed. The electrochemistry of these compounds was studied using cyclic voltammetry. STO 3-21G ab initio and INDO molecular orbital calculations were performed to obtain the optimized geometries and spin distribution, respectively.

Use of an "acetaldehyde clamp" in the determination of low-KM aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in H4-II-E-C3 rat hepatoma cells.

The high-affinity (K(M)<1 microM) mitochondrial class 2 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) metabolizes most of the acetaldehyde generated in the hepatic oxidation of ethanol. H4-II-E-C3 rat hepatoma cells have been found to express ALDH2. We report a method to assess ALDH2 activity in intact hepatoma cells that does not require mitochondrial isolation.

ESR Spin Trapping Studies of Free Radicals Generated from Nitrofuran Derivative Analogues of Nifurtimox by Electrochemical and Trypanosoma cruzi Reduction.

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of radicals obtained from two analogues of the antiprotozoal drug nifurtimox by electrolytic and Trypanosoma cruzi reduction were analyzed. The electrochemistry of these compounds was studied using cyclic voltammetry. STO 3-21G ab initio and INDO molecular orbital calculations were performed to obtain the optimized geometries and spin distribution, respectively.