Breathing Pattern Disorder: Introduction and Diagnostics.

Breathing pattern disorder (BPD) refers to a heterogenous condition, which features altered normal respiratory functioning that cannot be fully attributed to organic causes at the current time. Characteristic symptoms of this condition include dyspnea, and irregular ventilation. The diagnosis of BPD is made utilizing a combination of patient-reported experiences in the form of validated questionnaires, direct observation by experienced clinicians, and objective testing in the form of cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Identification of Breathing Pattern Disorder in Athletes With Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction: A Novel Assessment Tool.

Objective: To report the diagnostic utility of the novel, high-ventilatory task assessment tool called the Milstein Breathing Pattern Assessment Index (M-BPAI) for evaluation of Breathing Pattern Disorder (BPD) in athletes with and without breathing difficulty, and to evaluate the prevalence of BPD in athletes referred for Exercise Induced Laryngeal Obstruction (EILO). BPD is an abnormal respiratory biomechanical pattern caused from functional or structural factors. The presence of BPD in athletes with EILO is unknown.

Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction Differential Diagnosis in Adolescents and Adults: A Tutorial.

Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO), formerly referred to as paradoxical vocal fold motion and vocal cord dysfunction, is a complex disorder of the upper airway that requires skillful differential diagnosis. There are several medical conditions that may mimic ILO (or which ILO may mimic) that should be considered in the differential diagnosis before evidence-supported behavioral intervention is initiated to mitigate or eliminate this upper airway condition. A key in treatment planning is determination of an isolated presentation of ILO or ILO concurrent with other conditions that affect the upper airway.

Characterization of Functional Dysphonia: Pre- and Post-Treatment Findings.

Objectives: Functional dysphonia (FD) is one of the possible presentations of chronic dysphonia. Defined as dysphonia without gross abnormality of the larynx, FD manifests as aberrant muscle contractions resulting in mild-to-severe dysphonia. Despite increasing clinical awareness, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for FD remain challenging.

Respiratory Laryngeal Dystonia: Characterization and Diagnosis of a Rare Neurogenic Disorder.

Objectives/hypothesis: Respiratory laryngeal dystonia (RLD) is poorly understood and rarely reported in the literature. Patients have atypical laryngeal movement resulting in airway obstruction. This motion is neurogenic in nature, is constant while awake, nonepisodic, and non-trigger dependent.

Benign Vocal Fold Lesions in Patients with Chronic Cough.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of benign vocal fold lesions (BVFLs) in patients with chronic cough over a 1-year period.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary academic medical center.

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young adults: From referral to diagnosis.

Objective: To identify different presentations, referral patterns, comorbidities, and laryngoscopy findings in children and young adults with exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO).

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 112 patients, age <26 years, with EILO between 2013 and 2016.

Results: Of the 112 patients who met criteria, 91 were female and 21 were male.

Tachyphylaxis and Dependence in Pharmacotherapy for Unexplained Chronic Cough.

Objective Unexplained chronic cough (UCC) is a perplexing condition treated with neuromodulators. Although previous literature describes the effectiveness of neuromodulators, there is little on the development of tachyphylaxis or dependence to neuromodulators over time. Our objective is to capture the experience of a large cohort of patients with UCC over an extended period, looking for these 2 phenomena.

Short- and Long-term Effects of Neuromodulators for Unexplained Chronic Cough.

Objective To evaluate the short- and long-term effects of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and gabapentin in the treatment of unexplained chronic cough (UCC). Study Design Prospective cohort. Setting Tertiary care hospital.

Treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux using a sleep positioning device: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms are often resistant to management and cause significant quality of life impairment to patients with this disease. This study assesses the utility of a sleep-positioning device (SPD) in treating LPR.

Design: Single center prospective cohort study.

Prevalence and Occupation of Patients Presenting With Dysphonia in the United States.

Objective: Voice disorders are common conditions that may have a significant impact on patient quality of life, yet their prevalence and epidemiology are poorly documented. In this study, we estimated the prevalence, demographics, and occupation of patients with dysphonia.

Methods: Using the Commercial and Medicare MarketScan databases of 146.

The Use of Cryotherapy for Papilloma and Early Laryngeal Cancers: Long-term Results.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of adjuvant cryotherapy in the treatment of early glottic cancer and laryngeal papillomatosis.

Summary Of Background Data: The use of cryotherapy in conjunction with traditional modalities has recently been proposed to improve voice outcomes in patients with early laryngeal cancer as compared to pretreatment conditions.

Vocal outcomes after laser resection of early-stage glottic cancer with adjuvant cryotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the vocal outcomes of patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma undergoing laser resection with adjuvant cryoablative therapy.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Prevalence of laryngeal irritation signs associated with reflux in asymptomatic volunteers: impact of endoscopic technique (rigid vs. flexible laryngoscope).

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the prevalence of ENT findings in the normal asymptomatic population and 2) to compare findings between flexible and rigid laryngoscopes in an attempt to increase specificity of diagnosis of reflux in endoscopic laryngeal examinations.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Methods: Fifty-two nonsmoker volunteers (24 male, 28 female), mean age of 42.

Long-term effects of micronized Alloderm injection for unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

Objectives: Micronized Alloderm (Cymetra) is a relatively new product used for vocal fold augmentation. Previous studies evaluating possible long-term effectiveness of this product have shown mixed results. The objective of this present study is to reassess possible long-term results of Cymetra injection laryngoplasty in patients with unilateral true vocal fold paralysis.

The effects of lung volume initiation on speech: a perceptual study.

Audio recordings were made while six vocally untrained individuals read sentences aloud after breathing to three different lung volume levels-typical, high, and low. A perceptual experiment was conducted on these speech samples. The perceptual experiment consisted of a two-alternative forced-choice design, in which listeners heard matched pairs of sentences and were asked to identify which sentence in the pair departed from normal sounding speech.