Histological changes in pulp-dentin complex in tooth subjected to traumatic occlusion and subluxation.

Background: This study evaluated the influence of traumatic occlusion in the dentin-pulp complex a molar teeth submitted to subluxation.

Material And Methods: Ninety Wistar rats were divided into groups Naïve (N), Subluxation (S) and Subluxation with traumatic occlusion (STO) and submitted to histological analysis after 7 and 21 days. A quantitative analysis was submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test, and Chi-square and Bonferronís post-hoc test.

Peri-implantitis increases the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with osseointegrated implants in rats treated with zoledronate.

This study evaluated the peri-implant tissues under normal conditions and under the influence of experimental peri-implantitis (EPI) in osseointegrated implants installed in the maxillae of rats treated with oncologic dosage of zoledronate. Twenty-eight senescent female rats underwent the extraction of the upper incisor and placement of a titanium dental implant (DI). After eight weeks was installated a transmucosal healing screw on DI.

A Putative Role of Teneurin-2 and Its Related Proteins in Astrocytes.

Teneurins are type II transmembrane proteins comprised of four phylogenetically conserved homologs (Ten-1-4) that are highly expressed during neurogenesis. An additional bioactive peptide named teneurin C-terminal-associated peptide (TCAP-1-4) is present at the carboxyl terminal of teneurins. The possible correlation between the Ten/TCAP system and brain injuries has not been explored yet.

Nomenclature and Comparative Morphology of the Teneurin/TCAP/ADGRL Protein Families.

The teneurins are a family of glycosylated type II transmembrane proteins synthesized in several tissue from both vertebrate and invertebrate species. These proteins interact with the latrophilins, a group of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. Both teneurins and latrophilins may have been acquired by choanoflagellates through horizontal gene transfer from a toxin-target system present in prokaryotes.

Application of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma on Tooth Extraction Site Prevents Occurence of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in Rats.

This study evaluated the effects of local application of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the tooth extraction site of rats presenting the main risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). For seven weeks, senile rats were submitted to systemic treatment with vehicle (VEH and VEH-PRP) or 100 μg/Kg of zoledronate (ZOL and ZOL-PRP) every three days. After three weeks, the first lower molar was extracted.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy improves the alveolar repair process and prevents the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaws after tooth extraction in senile rats treated with zoledronate.

This study evaluated the effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the alveolar repair of rats with major risk factors for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Senile rats received 0.45 ml of vehicle (VEH and VEH/aPDT) or 0.

Protein malnutrition during gestation and early life decreases neuronal size in the medial prefrontal cortex of post-pubertal rats.

Retrospective studies in human populations indicate that protein deprivation during pregnancy and early life (early protein malnutrition, EPM) is associated with cognitive impairments, learning disabilities and may represent a risk factor for the late onset of some psychiatric disorders, fundamentally schizophrenia, a condition where the prefrontal cortex plays an important role. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether EPM affects structural aspects of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), such as cortical volume, neuronal density and neuronal soma size, which seem altered in patients with schizophrenia. For this, a rat model of EPM (5% casein from conception to postnatal day 60) was adopted and the rat mPFC volume, total number of neurons and average neuronal volume were evaluated on postnatal day 60 (post-pubertal animals) by histo- and immunohistochemical techniques using unbiased stereological analysis.

Photomodulation multiple sessions as a promising preventive therapy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws after tooth extraction in rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with multiple sessions of low-level laser on the alveolar repair process of rats with major risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). Senile rats received 0.45 mL of vehicle (VEH and VEH-PBM) or 0.

Anatomical Organization of Urocortin 3-Synthesizing Neurons and Immunoreactive Terminals in the Central Nervous System of Non-Human Primates [ spp.].

Urocortin 3 (UCN3) is a neuropeptide member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) peptide family that acts as a selective endogenous ligand for the CRF, subtype 2 (CRF) receptor. Immunohistochemistry and hybridization data from rodents revealed UCN3-containing neurons in discrete regions of the central nervous system (CNS), such as the medial preoptic nucleus, the rostral perifornical area (PFA), the medial nucleus of the amygdala and the superior paraolivary nucleus. UCN3-immunoreactive (UCN3-ir) terminals are distributed throughout regions that mostly overlap with regions of CRF messenger RNA (mRNA) expression.

The effect of traumatic dental occlusion on the degradation of periodontal bone in rats.

Context: A better understanding of the relation between traumatic dental occlusion and periodontal changes is needed.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of osteoclastic activity in the periodontal bone in front of the traumatic dental occlusion in rat molars.

Patients And Methods: Traumatic dental occlusion (TO) was induced in twenty rats, which were sacrificed after periods of 2, 5, 7, and 14 days.

Effects of ovariectomy on periodontal tissues following tooth replantation.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of ovariectomy on periodontal tissues following immediate tooth replantation by histomorphometric, immunohistochemistry, and μCT analysis.

Materials And Methods: Eighty wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinos) with normal estrous cycles were randomly divided into two groups: ovariectomized (OVX) and Sham. Two months after surgery, the rats' upper right incisor was extracted followed by immediate reimplantation.

C-terminal processing of the teneurin proteins: independent actions of a teneurin C-terminal associated peptide in hippocampal cells.

Many neuropsychiatric conditions have a common set of neurological substrates associated with the integration of sensorimotor processing. The teneurins are a recently described family of proteins that play a significant role in visual and auditory development. Encoded on the terminal exon of the teneurin genes is a family of bioactive peptides, termed teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP), which regulate mood-disorder associated behaviors.

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic treatment of experimentally induced periodontitis in rats with ovariectomy.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of experimentally induced periodontitis in rats with ovariectomy (OVX) that are or are not treated with estrogen replacement.

Methods: A total of 270 female rats were divided into three groups: 1) normal rats; 2) rats with OVX; and 3) rats with OVX with estrogen replacement. Periodontal disease was induced through the introduction of a cotton thread around the mandibular left first molar.

Cyto-, myelo- and chemoarchitecture of the prefrontal cortex of the Cebus monkey.

Background: According to several lines of evidence, the great expansion observed in the primate prefrontal cortex (PfC) was accompanied by the emergence of new cortical areas during phylogenetic development. As a consequence, the structural heterogeneity noted in this region of the primate frontal lobe has been associated with diverse behavioral and cognitive functions described in human and non-human primates. A substantial part of this evidence was obtained using Old World monkeys as experimental model; while the PfC of New World monkeys has been poorly studied.

Putative antinociceptive action of nitric oxide in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus during chronic carrageenan-induced arthritis in the rat temporomandibular joint.

In order to investigate a putative role for nitric oxide (NO) in the central nociceptive processing following carrageenan-induced arthritis in the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ), we analyzed the immunoreactivity, gene expression and activity of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5C) during the acute (24 h), chronic (15 days) and chronic-active (14 days-24 h) arthritis. In addition, evaluation of head-withdrawal threshold was carried out in all phases of arthritis under chronic inhibition of nNOS with the selective inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI). Neurons with nNOS-like immunoreactivity (nNOS-LI) were concentrated mainly in the lamina II of the Sp5C, showing no significant statistical difference during arthritis.

Mechanical removal of necrotic periodontal ligament by either Robinson bristle brush with pumice or scalpel blade. Histomorphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopy.

One of the important factors accounting for successful delayed replantation of avulsed teeth is seemingly the type of root surface treatment. Removal of necrotic cemental periodontal ligament remnants may prevent the occurrence of external root resorption, which is the major cause of loss of teeth replanted in such conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two mechanical techniques for removal of root-adhered periodontal ligament.

Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase-positive neurons in the prefrontal cortex of the Cebus monkey.

We studied the distribution of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity in the prefrontal cortex of normal adult Cebus apella monkeys using NADPH-d histochemical protocols. The following regions were studied: granular areas 46 and 12, dysgranular areas 9 and 13, and agranular areas 32 and Oap. NADPH-d-positive neurons were divided into two distinct types, both non-pyramidal.

Alternative pathways for catecholamine action in oral motor control.

Orofacial movement is a complex function performed by facial and jaw muscles. Jaw movement is enacted through the triggering of motoneurons located primarily in the trigeminal motor nucleus (Mo5). The Mo5 is located in the pontine reticular formation, which is encircled by premotor neurons.

Urocortin in the central nervous system of a primate (Cebus apella): sequencing, immunohistochemical, and hybridization histochemical characterization.

The urocortin (UCN)-like immunoreactivity and UCN mRNA distribution in various regions of the nonprimate mammalian brain have been reported. However, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW) appears to be the only brain site where UCN expression is conserved across species. Although UCN peptides are present throughout vertebrate phylogeny, the functional roles of both UCN and EW remain poorly understood.