Neurosurgical Management of Patients with Alpha-Gal Syndrome.

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity to galatcose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), a carbohydrate compound present in nonprimate mammalian products. Initial exposure to alpha-gal most often occurs through a tick bite, most commonly the lone star tick in the United States. Repeated exposure to alpha-gal may elicit severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.

Modified Function-Preserving Endoscopic Endonasal Extracapsular Resection of a Large Orbital Apex Cavernous Hemangioma.

Background And Importance: Various invasive oculoplastic procedures are commonly utilized to control the rectus muscles and widen the surgical corridor through the endoscopic endonasal removal of large orbital apex cavernous hemangiomas (OACHs). They require additional transconjunctival incision, rectus muscle insertional retraction, or muscle deinsertion at the globe that might not be safe and lead to prolonged postoperative extraocular muscle dysfunction. In this article, the authors described a modified 3-handed extracapsular technique for the resection of a large OACH without an additional procedure for rectus muscle control.

Phantosmia May Predict Long-Term Measurable Olfactory Dysfunction After COVID-19.

Objectives: Persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) after 6 months caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported with a variable prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of long-term OD and identify predisposing factors.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 adults with COVID-19.

Determination of variables for a more accurate diagnostic approach in suspected acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: A non-concurrent cohort study.

Objective: To describe a group of patients with suspected acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) diagnosis, and identify factors associated with a greater risk of presenting this disease.

Design: Non-concurrent cohort study.

Setting: A single-centre non-concurrent follow-up of patients with suspected AIFRS between August 2015 and July 2018.

Stress response and communication in surgeons undergoing training in endoscopic management of major vessel hemorrhage: a mixed methods study.

Background: Major vessel hemorrhage in endoscopic, endonasal skull-base surgery is a rare but potentially fatal event. Surgical simulation models have been developed to train surgeons in the techniques required to manage this complication. This mixed-methods study aims to quantify the stress responses the model induces, determine how realistic the experience is, and how it changes the confidence levels of surgeons in their ability to deal with major vascular injury in an endoscopic setting.

The International Classification of the radiological Complexity (ICC) of frontal recess and frontal sinus.

Background: The frontal sinus is considered the most challenging sinus to address surgically. There are no current classifications of the degree of surgical complexity of different frontal sinus configurations. The aim of this study is to develop a classification system of the degree of complexity of frontal recess surgery based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans.

Powered endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with selective stenting.

Objectives/hypothesis: To compare surgical outcomes of primary powered endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with selective or routine silicone stenting in anatomic and functional nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).

Study Design: Prospective nonrandomized cohort study with historical control group.

Methods: Thirty-one consecutive primary powered endoscopic DCR procedures with selective stenting were performed for anatomic or functional NLDO.