Central-Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Center, Four-Year Experience in Central-Line Management during Sepsis Treatment.

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are reportedly responsible for 50-60% of bloodstream infections in very preterm (<1500 g) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). is an increasingly prevalent pathogen in the neonatal setting, frequently causing central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) that can be difficult to eradicate. Central venous catheter (CVC) removal versus in situ treatment with CoNS CLABSIs is a controversial treatment strategy with no clear consensus.

Nutritional Treatment in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Effect on Lipid Profile.

Background and aims: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterised by a genetic alteration in the transport and metabolism of cholesterol that leads to elevated levels of total cholesterol (CT) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and early onset of atherosclerosis. According to the current guidelines, diet and promotion of healthy habits are first-line treatments. Little is known about the effectiveness of cholesterol-lowering diet and healthy lifestyle habits on plasma cholesterol and lipid profile in children and adolescents with FH.

Detecting Familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents: potential and challenges.

Background: It is now well established that atherosclerosis begins in childhood and evolves through adolescence and young adulthood, ultimately resulting in myocardial infarction and stroke in adults.

Main Test: Childhood is a critical phase during which atherosclerosis may begin to develop; in the presence of familial hypercholesterolemia, lifelong elevation of Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol levels greatly accelerates atherosclerosis. These concepts, which have been largely developed from epidemiologic evidence, have not always been simple to implement in the paediatric clinical practice.

Novel Variant in Exon 3 of the Gene Resulted in Ectopic Posterior Pituitary, Craniocervical Junction Dysmorphism and Limb Anomaly.

. Pituitary differentiation involves a large number of transcription factors. In particular, expression is fundamental for pituitary gland commitment from the ventral diencephalon, suppressing Shh expression in Rathke's pouch.

Nutraceuticals in Paediatric Patients with Dyslipidaemia.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the main cause of death and morbidity in the world. Childhood is a critical period during which atherosclerosis may begin to develop; in the presence of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), the lifelong elevation of LDL cholesterol levels greatly accelerates atherosclerosis. Lowering LDL-C levels is associated with a well-documented reduction in cardiovascular disease risk.

Nutritional Approach to Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Childhood.

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major mortality and morbidity cause in adulthood worldwide. The atherosclerotic process starts even before birth, progresses through childhood and, if not stopped, eventually leads to CHD. Therefore, it is important to start prevention from the earliest stages of life.

Neonatal Dyshormonogenetic Goiter with Hypothyroidism Associated with Novel Mutations in Thyroglobulin and SLC26A4 Gene.

Congenital goiter is an uncommon cause of neck swelling and it can be associated with hypothyroidism. We discuss a case of primary hypothyroidism with goiter presenting at birth. Ultrasound showed the enlargement of the gland and thyroid function tests detected marked hypothyroidism.

Early Prevention of Atherosclerosis: Detection and Management of Hypercholesterolaemia in Children and Adolescents.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the main cause of death and morbidity in the world. There is a strong evidence that the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood and that hypercholesterolaemia is a CHD major risk factor. Hypercholesterolaemia is a modifiable CHD risk factor and there is a tracking of hypercholesterolaemia from birth to adulthood.

Analgesic effects of breast- and formula feeding during routine childhood immunizations up to 1 year of age.

Background: Data on analgesic effects of breast/formula milk sucking while receiving routine childhood immunizations are available only in early infancy, have rarely been compared in the same study, and are not accompanied by information on mothers' satisfaction/acceptance. Here we aimed to compare the analgesic effect of both methods vs. held-only controls up to 1 year of age, and verify mothers' satisfaction.

Humanization of pediatric care in the world: focus and review of existing models and measurement tools.

Background: The term "humanization" indicates the process by which people try to make something more human and civilized, more in line with what is believed to be the human nature. The humanization of care is an important and not yet a well-defined issue which includes a wide range of aspects related to the approach to the patient and care modalities. In pediatrics, the humanization concept is even vaguer due to the dual involvement of both the child and his/her family and by the existence of multiple proposed models.