Musculoskeletal disorders and work ability of workers at a university campus in southern Brazil.

Background: When performed in unfavorable conditions, work can lead to the development of musculoskeletal disorders and decrease in work ability.

Objectives: To identify the differences between three groups of workers (professors, technicians and outsourced workers) as for the sociodemographic profile, work ability, prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, activity restrictions, and the correlation between the presence of musculoskeletal disorders and activity restrictions with each domain of the Work Ability Index.

Methods: The sample consisted of 67 university workers assessed by a Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire and the Work Ability Index.

Repeatability and intra and interrater reproducibility of the DIPA-S eHealth© capture and analysis system for clinical assessment of scoliosis.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability, intra and interrater reproducibility of the DIPA-S eHealth© system for capturing and measuring clinical variables of scoliosis, including frontal trunk imbalance (FTI), sagittal trunk imbalance (STI), and angle of trunk rotation (ATR).

Methods: Patients were photographed using the DIPA-S eHealth Capture© mobile application by family members, physiotherapists, or surgeons. Three photos were taken in each position: standing in the frontal and sagittal planes and in the axial plane in forward bending position of the trunk.

Development, validity and reliability of patient perception of scoliosis-specific physiotherapy (physio-is) questionnaire.

Purpose: To develop a questionnaire for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients undergoing physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE) and to evaluate its content validity, structural validity, and reliability.

Methodology: Seven PSSE treatment experts checked the content validity of the Patient's Perception of Scoliosis-Specific Physiotherapy Questionnaire (Physio-IS). For each Physio-IS item, the content validity indexes must be ≥ 90%.

Intra and inter-rater reproducibility of the Remote Static Posture Assessment (ARPE) protocol's Postural Checklist.

With the enforcement of social distancing due to the pandemic, a need to conduct postural assessments through remote care arose. So, this study aimed to assess the intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of the Remote Static Posture Assessment (ARPE) protocol's Postural Checklist. The study involved 51 participants, with the postural assessment conducted by two researchers.

Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument for Adults (BackPEI-A): Updating and an online application.

Introduction: Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument for Adults (BackPEI-A) lags the most recent literature, as it does not assess issues related to activity increasingly present in the daily lives of people of all ages.

Purpose: (1) to update the BackPEI-A by including four new questions regarding the use of mobile devices; (2) to present a new graphic design of the issues related to back and neck pain to facilitate understanding of the location of these pains; (3) to test the content validity and the reliability of the new questions; and (4) to identify whether the BackPEI-A version in online form has adequate reliability.

Methods: The content validation by evaluation of eight experts, and the reliability of the new questions and of the online version were assessed.

Reliability of the five times sit to stand test performed remotely by multiple sclerosis patients.

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis, known main cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in adults, leads to changes in muscle strength, especially in the lower limbs. Assessing muscle strength in these patients is thus essential and can be achieved by the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST), commonly performed in person. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measured adopted, Brazilian physiotherapists turned to remote monitoring and assessment, supported by Resolution n° 516/2020, which required proving the reliability of tests.

Radiographic Measures for the Assessment of Frontal and Sagittal Knee Alignments and the Associated Normality Values: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this literature review was to identify knee alignment assessment methods using radiography in the sagittal and frontal planes and to identify normality values for classifying knee alignment using these methods.

Methods: A systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted. The eligibility criterion was studies that performed radiographic examinations to assess the knee alignment of adults without a history of hip or knee prosthesis surgery.

Risk Factors for Back Pain among Southern Brazilian School Children: A 6-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Risk factors associated with back pain vary in different countries. Given the lack of studies in Latin America, our study aimed to assess back pain and its associated factors for six years in Southern Brazilian school children. All children attending the fifth grade of Teutônia, Brazil, were invited to participate in the study.

Analysis of postural asymmetry on sagittal plane between right and left side views using photogrammetry.

Background: Postural asymmetry is natural and expected during postural assessment. Besides, there are conditions that exacerbate the difference between right and left side views, such as Idiopathic Scoliosis (IS). However, the photogrammetric postural assessment on sagittal plane is usually performed using only one side view.

Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument for Children and Adolescents (BackPEI-CA): Expansion, Content Validation, and Reliability.

The Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI) was created in 2013 to assess back pain and its risk factors in school children. However, it does not assess neck pain or the habits of mobile device usage, which are aspects that are often part of school children's lives. Therefore, we aimed to update the BackPEI questionnaire to include new questions assessing aspects related to neck pain and the use of mobile devices and to test the content validity and reliability of the new questions.

The influence of physical exercise on behavioral habits, kinesiophobia, and disability in people with low back pain: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Physical exercise improves physical fitness and health, helping to reduce pain and prevent low back pain. This study aims to compare the intensity of low back pain (LBP), behavioral habits, and the level of disability and kinesiophobia among exercising and non-exercising subjects with LBP.

Methods: Consecutive sample of 102 individuals was divided into exercising group (EG) and non-exercising group (NEG).

Repeatability and reproducibility of the pressure biofeedback unit.

Introduction: Although the pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) is used for muscular assessment and training, there is little evidence of its reproducibility and repeatability.

Objective: This study aims to assess intra- and inter-rater reproducibility and repeatability of the PBU in the assessment of the transverse abdominal (TrA), internal oblique (IO), low back multifidi, and deep neck flexors (DNF).

Methods: Fifty individuals had three muscular groups tested: TrA/IO, lower back multifidi, and DNF.

Back pain and its risk factors in Brazilian adolescents: a longitudinal study.

Owing to the lack of longitudinal studies in Latin American countries, we aimed to evaluate back pain and its risk factors in a 3-year longitudinal study of Brazilian adolescents. We analysed data of 525 adolescents (aged 11-16 years) attending primary school (fifth to eighth grade) in Brazil. The students were administered the self-reported Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI) questionnaire in 2011 and at a follow-up evaluation that was conducted 3 years later (2014).

Radiography and photogrammetry-based methods of assessing cervical spine posture in the sagittal plane: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: There are numerous radiography and photogrammetry-based methods of assessing the cervical spine posture in the sagittal plane. The choice of instrument should be based on scientific parameters such as validity and reliability, thus avoiding restrictions to the applicability of the instrument.

Research Question: What radiography and photogrammetry-based methods used to assess the cervical spine posture in the sagittal plane are valid and/or reliable?

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted following Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.

Pilates instructors: prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, associated occupational factors and comparison of quality of life relative to Brazilian reference values.

Background: Pain is a public health problem with negative impact on quality of life.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and associated occupational factors among Pilates instructors, and to compare their quality of life relative to Brazilian reference values.

Method: A total of 166 Pilates instructors from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (consecutive sampling) with degrees in physical education or physical therapy responded the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey and Work-related Habits Questionnaire.

Immediate effects of a lumbar spine manipulation on pain sensitivity and postural control in individuals with nonspecific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: According to the American Physical Therapy Association, there is strong evidence to show that vertebral mobilization and manipulation procedures can be used to improve spinal and hip mobility and reduce pain and incapacity in low back pain patients that fit the clinical prediction rule.

Objectives: To evaluate the immediate effects of high-velocity low-amplitude (HVLA) manipulation on pain and postural control parameters in individuals with nonspecific low back pain.

Methods: This study used a participant-blinded and assessor-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial involving a single session, in which 24 participants were randomly distributed into control (simulated manipulation) and intervention (HVLA lumbar manipulation) groups.

Kinematic Characteristics of Sit-to-Stand Movements in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to identify different kinematic characteristics between the movements of sit-to-stand-to-sit, sit-to-stand, or stand-to-sit of individuals with and without low back pain (LBP).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on scientific databases. The analyzed kinematic variables were duration of the movement, reproduction of the movement, ranges of motion, velocity, and acceleration.

Repeatability and Reproducibility of Postural Variables by Photogrammetry.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the reliability of postural variables analyzed by photogrammetry obtained at different instances on the same day and between 2 different days.

Methods: A sample composed of 24 healthy adult individuals of both sexes was submitted to photogrammetric postural assessment. From 35 seconds of filming, 7 photographs (of time instance at 0 second, 05 seconds, 10 seconds, 15 seconds, 20 seconds, 25 seconds, and 30 seconds) were extracted and digitalized on digital image-based postural assessment software.

Anatomical reference marks, evaluation parameters and reproducibility of surface topography for evaluating the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Surface topography is a radiation-free examination that provides relevant information for the evaluation of patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). However, its usage is not standardized, which restricts the applicability of this instrument.

Research Questions: (a) To identify the anatomical reference markers used on surface topography; (b) to identify the parameters used on surface topography; and (c) to pool correlation and reproducibility results.

A New Version of the MADAAMI Method for Assessing Lower Limb Alignment During Demi-Plié, Grand Plié, and Fondu.

The MADAAMI (Método de Avaliação Dinâmica do Alinhamento Articular dos Membros Inferiores-Dynamic Evaluation Method of Lower Limb Joint Alignment) is an instrument that has been developed and validated with the aim of providing direct, simple, and practical support for the identification of compensations and misalignments of joints. The first version of the instrument had some limitations. The goals of the present study are to update the instrument (MADAAMI-II), evaluate its content validity, and verify inter-rater and intra-rater reproducibility during the execution of demi-plié, grand plié, and fondu in two turnout positions of classical ballet (120° and self-reported) and in parallel foot position.

Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument for Adults: Expansion and Reproducibility.

Background: The BackPEI questionnaire was developed and validated just exclusively to evaluate children.

Aims: To propose, validate, and test the reproducibility of an expanded version of the Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI), originally designed to assess back pain in school-aged children, for use with adults.

Design: Validation Study.

Risk factors for work-related cardiovascularand musculoskeletal diseasesamong prehospital urgent care workers: a systematic review.

Background: Studies conducted with prehospital urgent care workers investigated work-related stress and its repercussions on the workers' mental and physical health.

Objective: To identify risk factors for development of work-related cardiovascular (CVD) and musculoskeletal (MSD) diseases among prehospital emergency care workers.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search on databases PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE and Science Direct.

High prevalence of inadequate sitting and sleeping postures: a three-year prospective study of adolescents.

There is a paucity of information regarding the development of body posture during adolescence. This three-year prospective study aimed to evaluate sitting and sleeping postures among adolescents, and to determine whether these postures are associated with age and sex. We assessed 525 adolescents aged 11-16 years from the fifth to eighth grades.

IMMEDIATE AND FOLLOW-UP EFFECTS OF A POSTURE EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS.

Objective: To assess the short- and medium-term effects of the posture education program (PEP) for students of elementary school regarding theoretical knowledge and posture during activities of daily living (ADLs).

Methods: The sample consisted of 38 students (aged 8-12 years) in the third grade of elementary school in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil). The children were evaluated in three moments: prior to attending the PEP (pretest); after attending the PEP (post-test); and five months after the conclusion of the PEP, immediately after a learning review of four lessons (five months follow-up).