Treatment of COPD and COPD-heart failure comorbidity in primary care in different stages of the disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease that may have a negative impact on both patients' quality of life and survival. Patients with COPD frequently suffer from heart failure (HF), likely owing to several shared risk factors.

Aim: To evaluate the differences in treatment of COPD with and without HF comorbidity according to COPD severity in the general practitioner setting.

Prevalence and management of COPD and heart failure comorbidity in the general practitioner setting.

Background: COPD frequently coexists with HF with which shares several risk factors. A greater collaboration is required between cardiologists and pulmonologists to better identify and manage concurrent HF and COPD. This observational, retrospective study provides new data regarding the management of these patients.