Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador.

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli are a worldwide concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of these bacteria is dangerous. To investigate the extent of antimicrobial resistance and prioritize the utility of novel drugs, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in Ecuador in 2022.

Risk factors associated with colistin resistance in carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales: a multicenter study from a low-income country.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CR-CPE), and describe the mortality associated with this organism, in a low-income country.

Methods: A descriptive, observational, and prospective multicenter study was carried out in Guayaquil, Ecuador. All patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales admitted between December 2021 and May 2022 were enrolled.

Colistin resistance screening by 3 μg/ml colistin agar in Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales.

Background: In low- and middle-income countries, the use of colistin in therapeutic regimens is common, to treat infections produced for Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) due to limited access to the recently discovered-approved antibiotics. Furthermore, the technical limitations to perform colistin susceptibility tests make it difficult to assess the suitability of this treatment for each patient, as well as to monitor the rates of resistance. In the present study, we describe the use of agar dilution using a unique colistin concentration of 3 μg/ml to discriminate isolates with colistin resistance in CPE obtained from clinical samples.

Macrolides: a novel risk factor for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in intensive care units.

Introduction: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) have emerged as a substantial cause of morbi-mortality worldwide, with a prevalence of approximately 5% in areas with high endemicity. However, available data may not be representative of developing countries, such as Ecuador. In this study, the incidence of CPE in Ecuador and risk factors for infection/colonisation were evaluated.

Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae in intensive care units in Ecuador: Results from a multicenter study.

Introduction: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are of global concern due to the growing number of patients who acquire them and their association with high mortality rates. Although there are some reports of endemicity in developing countries, little is known about this microorganism, and Ecuador is not an exception. Subsequently, our objective was to clinically and molecularly characterize carbapenemase producing-Enterobacteriaceae in intensive care units (ICUs) in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

High Prevalence of CTX-M-1-Like Enzymes in Urinary Isolates of Escherichia coli in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Escherichia coli is one of the major causes of urinary tract infections in primary healthcare, and treatment is more complicated due to the increase in antibiotic resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases are the most common mechanism of resistance against third-generation cephalosporin, and CTX-M-like are among the most prevalent. The aim of our work is to investigate the prevalence of bla in isolates of E.