Genome Sequences of 22 T1-like Bacteriophages That Infect .

Here, the full genome sequences of 22 T1-like bacteriophages isolated from wastewater are reported. Eight (BlueShadow, Brooksby, Devorator, ElisaCorrea, Reinasaurus, SorkZaugg, Supreme284, ZeroToHero) were isolated on , six on Klebsiella (Chell, FairDinkum, HazelMika, Opt-817, P528, PeteCarol), and eight on Escherichia (Fulano1, Mishu, Opt-719, PhleaSolo, Punny, Poky, Phunderstruck, Sadiya).

[Description of external cuticular setae of head, thorax, legs, abdomen and genitalia of four Triatominae species].

The classification of the cuticular extensions of insects has been proposed as a taxonomic tool; however, the internal and external processes of the cuticular extensions of the Triatominae subfamily have not been fully analyzed and categorized. Objective: To describe the setae from different regions of the outer cuticle of several triatomine species by scanning electron microscopy. Materials and methods: Triatomines were washed and dried, after which different regions of the body from Eratyrus mucronatus, Triatoma maculata, Panstrongylus geniculatus and Belminus ferroae specimens were dissected, mounted on graphite double-sided adhesive tape over metal supports, metalized with gold and micrographed for further analysis.

[Morphological abnormalities in the cibarium of Lutzomyia evansi (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) caught in Trujillo, Venezuela].

Introduction: Lutzomyia evansi is a recognized vector of Leishmania infantum in Colombia and Venezuela.

Objective: To describe and illustrate the morphological abnormalities in Lu. evansi females captured in a rural focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Trujillo, Venezuela.

In situ and in silico evaluation of amine- and folate-terminated dendrimers as nanocarriers of anesthetics.

The search for new nano-systems for targeted biomedical applications and controlled drug release has attracted significant attention in polymer chemistry, pharmaceutics, and biomaterial science. Controlled drug delivery has many advantages over conventional drug administration, such as reduction of side effects, maintaining a stable plasma level concentration and improving the quality of life of patients. In this study, PAMAM G5 dendrimers and PAMAM G5-folic acid conjugates (PAMAM G5-FA) are synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS).

Computationally efficient methodology for atomic-level characterization of dendrimer-drug complexes: a comparison of amine- and acetyl-terminated PAMAM.

PAMAM dendrimers have been widely studied as a novel means for controlled drug delivery; however, computational study of dendrimer-drug complexation is made difficult by the conformational flexibility of dendrimers and the nonspecific nature of the dendrimer-drug interactions. Conventional protocols for studying drug binding have been designed primarily for protein substrates, and, therefore, there is a need to establish new protocols to deal with the unique aspects of dendrimers. In this work, we generate cavities in generation-5 polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers at selected distances from the center of mass of the dendrimer for the insertion of the model drug: dexamethasone 21-phosphate or Dp21.

Equine wellness care in ambulatory practice.

Clients want dependable veterinary care and to understand how the services will benefit and meet their horse’s needs. Wellness visits provide ambulatory practitioners with great opportunities to strengthen the doctor-client-patient bond; effective communication with clients during wellness visits, where new literature or facts can be presented, can offer opportunities for demonstrating the value of having the veterinarian maintain a primary role in disease control. The criteria for selecting vaccines, interpreting FECs, and diagnosing dental pathology require the continued need for veterinary involvement.

Study of interaction energies between the PAMAM dendrimer and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug using a distributed computational strategy and experimental analysis by ESI-MS/MS.

The structure of a dendrimer exhibits a large number of internal and superficial cavities, which can be exploited, to capture and deliver small organic molecules, enabling their use in drug delivery. Structure-based modeling and quantum mechanical studies can be used to accurately understand the interactions between functionalized dendrimers and molecules of pharmaceutical and industrial interest. In this study, we implemented a Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm to calculate the interaction energy of dendrimer-drug complexes, which can be used for in silico prediction of dendrimer-drug affinity.

Description of the cave organ in three species of the genus Belminus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) by optical and scanning electron microscopy.

The cave organ is a sensory receptor in the antenna pedicel of some Reduviidae. This paper describes this organ for the first time in three species of the genus Belminus, Belminus corredori, Belminus ferroae and Belminus herreri, by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The structures presented a general pattern similar to one reported for other species of Triatominae.

Nanoinformatics: an emerging area of information technology at the intersection of bioinformatics, computational chemistry and nanobiotechnology.

After the progress made during the genomics era, bioinformatics was tasked with supporting the flow of information generated by nanobiotechnology efforts. This challenge requires adapting classical bioinformatic and computational chemistry tools to store, standardize, analyze, and visualize nanobiotechnological information. Thus, old and new bioinformatic and computational chemistry tools have been merged into a new sub-discipline: nanoinformatics.

Zoonoses and climate variability.

Leishmaniasis in the Americas is transmitted by Lutzomyia spp., which have many animal reservoirs. Previous studies indicated potential changes in vectors of climate-related distribution, but impact outcomes need to be further studied.

[Toxic effect of beta-cipermethrin, deltamethrin and fenitrothion in colonies of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) and Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)].

Introduction: The susceptibility to insecticides of triatomine species must be evaluated because of their involvement in the transmission of the Chagas disease. In each region with Chagas endemicity, evaluation of insecticide response is necessary to predict the success of the control campaigns.

Objective: The baseline susceptibility was determined for the active principles deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin and fenitrothion in nymphs of first and fifth instar of Triatoma dimidiata and nymphs of first instar of Triatoma maculata.

[Species of Lutzomyia (Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in endemic cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis foci of the department of Santander, in the eastern range of the Colombian Andes].

Introduction: Phlebotomine sand flies are the only known vectors of leishmaniasis and show an interesting biodiversity in the Andean mountain range of South America. We update the registry of species prevalent in the municipalities and endemic areas of the department of Santander, in the eastern range of the Colombian Andes.

Objective: To present an updated inventory and distribution of the Lutzomyia species in the department of Santander and to discuss some ecological aspects of the principal species of medical importance.

[Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) at a suburban focus of visceral leishmaniasis in the Chicamocha Canyon, Santander, Colombia].

Introduction: Between 1998 and 2000, the occurrence of 8 cases of American visceral leishmaniasis in children from a recently established human settlement in Guatiguará, in the municipality of Piedecuesta (Santander, Colombia) indicated the possible presence of Leishmania transmission in this locality. This observation motivated the current entomological investigation.

Objectives: To determine the relative frequency of Lutzomyia longipalpis inside houses and outdoors, and the natural infection of this vector with Leishmania spp.

Impact of climate variability in the occurrence of leishmaniasis in northeastern Colombia.

Previous studies have shown that variation in the distribution of vectors associated to the transmission of Leishmania species may be related to climatic changes. However, the potential implications of these ecological changes in human health need to be further defined in various endemic populations where leishmaniasis carries a substantial burden of disease such as in Northeastern Colombia. Herein, we report the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation climatic fluctuations during 1985-2002 in the occurrence of cases of leishmaniasis in two northeastern provinces of Colombia.

Feeding sources and natural infection of Belminus herreri (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) from dwellings in Cesar, Colombia.

Belminus herreri, originally described from specimens collected in Panama, was considered entirely silvatic until to 2000 when it was found for the first time in a domestic habitat in Colombia. In 2001, during a new search of houses in the Department of Cesar, Colombia, 121 specimens were collected. Study of their feeding sources using an ELISA test revealed that 96% of these specimens had fed on cockroaches (Blattidae).