Cardiovascular toxicity induced by immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), an immunotherapy used in cancer treatment, are associated with potential cardiovascular (CV) toxicity. Monitoring CV issues in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is challenging due to their lower incidence and diversity. Hence, enhancing our understanding of CV toxicities in patients receiving ICIs is required to improve their quality of life and survival.

Case report: Uncommon gastric metastasis as a presentation of recurrent clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a kidney neoplasm that accounts for 85% of cases and has complex genetic pathways that affect its development and progression. RCC metastasis can occur in 20%-50% of patients and usually affects distant organs. Gastric metastases (GM) from RCC are rare and present as polyp-like growths in the submucosal layer, accounting for 0.