Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapies are a promising approach to medical treatment. Except for infectious diseases, no other disease has mRNA-based therapies available. The eye is an ideal model for mRNA therapeutic development because it requires limited dosing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing the Elaborated Intrusion Theory of Desire and the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model of psychopathology as bases, this study explored whether metacognitive beliefs and desire thinking (DT) are associated with higher levels of Compulsive Sexual Behavior (CSB). A total of 1185 participants from the general population were included in the study (mean ± SD age = 25.32 years ± 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Few studies have explored the impact of socioeconomic position on chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to fill this gap using a large Italian cohort of CKD patients.
Methods: We analyzed a cohort of incident CKD cases from the Lazio regional Health Information System from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021.
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) poses a high burden on patients and health systems. While numerous studies indicate an association between air pollution and chronic kidney disease, studies on ESKD are rare. We investigated the association of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), fine particulate matter (PM), black carbon (BC) and ozone (O) with ESKD incidence in two large population-based European cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is an established central player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with distinct apoE isoforms exerting diverse effects. apoE influences not only amyloid-beta and tau pathologies but also lipid and energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, cerebral vascular health, and sex-dependent disease manifestations. Furthermore, ancestral background may significantly impact the link between APOE and AD, underscoring the need for more inclusive research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe post-organ transplant immunosuppressive therapy includes the administration of tacrolimus (Tac) or cyclosporine (CsA), along with antimetabolites (Antim) or mTOR inhibitors, with or without prednisone. A survey was conducted to investigate clinical experience regarding the use, efficacy, safety profile, and determinants of choice of maintenance immunosuppressive therapies. The questionnaire was sent to healthcare workers of 45 transplant centers specializing in kidney (K), liver (L), heart (H), and lung (P) transplants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Developmental researchers are becoming increasingly interested in the role of social media in adolescents' experiences with their peers; however, to date, few studies have investigated the association between youngsters' interactions with friends online and the perceived quality of their friendship relationships.
Methods: Thus, the current study aims to test the associations between three social media features, as perceived by adolescents, (i.e.
A patient with the E280A mutation and homozygous for Christchurch () displayed extreme resistance to Alzheimer's disease (AD) cognitive decline and tauopathy, despite having a high amyloid burden. To further investigate the differences in biological processes attributed to , we generated induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cerebral organoids from this resistant case and a non-protected control, using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to modulate expression. In the cerebral organoids, we observed a protective pattern from early tau phosphorylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Entering dialysis is a critical moment in patients' healthcare journey, and little is known about drug therapy around it. A study funded by the Italian Medicines Agency offered the opportunity to leverage data from the Lazio Regional Dialysis and Transplant Registry (RRDTL) and perform an observational study on drug use patterns before and after initiating chronic dialysis.
Methods: Individuals initiating dialysis in 2016-2020 were identified from RRDTL, excluding patients with prior renal transplantation, stopping dialysis early, or dying within 12 months.
The 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, present in pilosebaceous units, plays a crucial role in the appearance of cutaneous hyperandrogenism manifestations (hirsutism, acne, and androgenetic alopecia). Its inhibition is an excellent strategy to reverse these conditions. Given the limitations of existing treatments, with transient effects and delayed therapeutic response, as well as the possibility of causing undesirable side effects, this study sought to develop new drug delivery systems to overcome these limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Problematic gaming (PG) is a public health issue among adolescents worldwide. Although several studies have documented that peer influences constitute a relevant risk factor for adolescent problematic behaviors, little research is currently available on PG. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of social norms and perceived friends' gaming frequency on participants' own gaming frequency and PG, by testing potential differences among groups with low vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Problematic Social Media Use Scale (PSMUS) is a promising self-report measure assessing problematic use of social media among adolescents and adults. However, data concerning its psychometrics are still scant, and adaptation in Eastern cultures is missing. This study aimed to test the factorial structure, internal consistency, and external validity of the Chinese version of the PSMUS in a sample of 672 adults (31% males) aged between 18 and 58.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study examined the relationship between false self-presentation on Instagram and consideration of cosmetic surgery through the mediating role of body image control in photos (BICP), photo manipulation, and body shame. We predicted that false self-presentation on Instagram was indirectly associated with cosmetic surgery intentions through the aforementioned constructs.
Methods: A total of 504 young Italian adults (28.
This study aims to investigate whether a working alliance could represent a potential mechanism that explains the effectiveness of housing services in terms of user recovery, comparing the Housing First (HF) model with Traditional Services (TS). This study included 59 homeless service users in Italy (29 = HF; 30 = TS). Recovery was assessed upon entering the study (T0) and after 10 months (T1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe characterized the world's second case with ascertained extreme resilience to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). Side-by-side comparisons of this male case and the previously reported female case with ADAD homozygote for the APOE3 Christchurch (APOECh) variant allowed us to discern common features. The male remained cognitively intact until 67 years of age despite carrying a PSEN1-E280A mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
April 2023
Objective: This study aims to extend the understanding of the psychological impact of the first-trimester pre-eclampsia (PE) screening on women identified as high risk for preterm PE. We examined the differences between low- vs. high-risk women throughout pregnancy in: symptoms of distress (anxiety, depression, physical and mental health, and worry), health behaviour changes, the experience of pregnancy, and attitudes towards PE screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Over the past decade, concurrent with increasing social media use (SMU), there has been a shift toward poorer sleep among adolescents in many countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-national associations between adolescent SMU and sleep patterns, by comparing 4 different categories of SMU (nonactive, active, intense, and problematic use).
Design, Setting, And Participants: Data were from 86,542 adolescents in 18 European and North American countries that participated in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged study.
Introduction: Associations between Problematic Gaming (PG) and the relational-emotional correlates of parenting have been reported in the literature. Previous research mostly collected information from adolescents, however, and suggested that little is known about the perceptions of parents and whether these are shared among parent-adolescent dyads. Therefore, this study aimed to (a) examine multiple informants' reports of adolescent PG and maternal behaviors (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial networking sites are widespread worldwide, and Facebook is the leading platform in terms of the number of users, laying the ground for potential problematic use. However, problematic Facebook use does not occur for most users but only for a minority. Previous research has found an association between the Big-five personality traits and problematic Facebook use, but the direction of these associations remains controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProblematic Social Networking Sites Use (PSNSU) and social anxiety are associated. SNSs users may develop online social anxiety that may become a standalone problem. The present study aims to test the mediating role of emotion dysregulation and motives (coping, conformity, social, and enhancement) between attachment (anxiety and avoidance) and two outcomes (PSNSU and online social anxiety) in an integrated theory-driven model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The relationships between problematic smartphone use and psychological factors have been extensively investigated. However, previous studies generally used variable-centered approaches, which hinder an examination of the heterogeneity of smartphone impact on everyday life.
Objective: In the present study, we capitalized on latent profile analysis to identify various classes of smartphone owners based on the impact associated with smartphone use (e.