Diversity and Resistance Profiles of ESBL-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria from Dairy Farms in Southern Türkiye.

The increasing occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing , most commonly , has become a serious problem. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in dairy cattle, goat and sheep farms located in southern Türkiye. Samples (409 quarter milk samples and 110 fresh faecal samples from cattle, 75 bulk tank milk samples and 225 rectal swab samples from goats and sheep) were subjected to selective isolation on MacConkey agar with ceftazidime (2 µg/mL).

spp. in German wildlife: Detection, regional occurrence and diversity in wild boar, roe, red and fallow deer.

is a cause of diarrheal infections responsible for a loss of human and animal welfare worldwide. The impact of the parasite is underestimated and the reported sources of infection are diverse, as it occurs in a wide variety of hosts. Wildlife has been reported as a notifiable source, but few studies are available on its occurrence in European wild boar and cervid species.

Biological and genomic characterization of three psychrophilic phages.

() is an important foodborne pathogenic species that is mainly transmitted by the consumption of contaminated meat, particularly pork. To combat the bacteria along the food chain, the application of strictly lytic phages may be a promising tool. As the temperatures in the gut of animals and during food processing can differ significantly, a phage cocktail intended to be used for applications should comprise phages that are active at various temperatures.

Epidemiological cut-off values for non-O1/ non-O139 Vibrio cholerae disc diffusion data generated by standardised methods.

This work generates the data needed to set epidemiological cut-off values for disc-diffusion zone measurements of Vibrio cholerae. The susceptibility of 147 European isolates of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae to 19 antibiotics was established using a standardised disc diffusion method which specified incubation of Mueller Hinton agar plates at 35°C.

Phage vB_YenS_P400, a Novel Virulent Siphovirus of Isolated from Deer.

Phage vB_YenS_P400 isolated from deer, is a virulent siphovirus of , whose circularly permutated genome (46,585 bp) is not substantially related to any other phage deposited in public nucleotide databases. vB_YenS_P400 showed a very narrow host range and exclusively lysed two B4/O:3 strains. Moreover, lytic activity by this phage was only discernible at room temperature.

Host Range, Morphology and Sequence Analysis of Ten Temperate Phages Isolated from Pathogenic Strains.

is a heterogeneous species comprising highly pathogenic, weakly pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. Previous data suggest that gene exchange may occur in . Only scarce information exists about temperate phages of even though many prophage sequences are present in this species.

Standardised Sampling Approach for Investigating Pathogens or Environmental Chemicals in Wild Game at Community Hunts.

Wildlife may host pathogens and chemicals of veterinary and public health relevance, as well as pathogens with significant economic relevance for domestic livestock. In conducting research on the occurrence and distribution of these agents in wildlife, a major challenge is the acquisition of a sufficient number of samples coupled with efficient use of manpower and time. The aim of this article is to present the methodology and output of a sampling approach for game animals, which was implemented from 2017/18 to 2020/21 at drive hunts in Brandenburg, Germany.

Birds Kept in the German Zoo "Tierpark Berlin" Are a Common Source for Polyvalent Phages.

is an important animal pathogen, particularly for birds, rodents, and monkeys, which is also able to infect humans. Indeed, an increasing number of reports have been published on zoo animals that were killed by this species. One option to treat diseased animals is the application of strictly lytic (virulent) phages.

Isolation and Characterization of Group III -Specific Bacteriophages From Germany and Their Suitability for Use in Food Production.

spp. are a major cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhea worldwide. While thermophilic species asymptomatically colonize the intestines of chickens, most human infections in industrial countries have been attributed to consumption of chicken meat or cross-contaminated products.

The Acquisition of the Gene Cluster Encoding Sucrose Metabolization Enzymes Enables Strains of and to Utilize Sucrose as Carbon Source.

Most strains of are unable to utilize sucrose as carbon source, though few exceptions exist. We investigated a sucrose-positive strain by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and confirmed the presences of a genomic island containing sucrose utilization genes. A 4.

Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Non-O139 Isolates from Common Tern Chicks () following a Mass Mortality Event.

is an inhabitant of aquatic environments worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of eight non-O1, non-O139 isolates that were recovered from the corpses of two seabird chicks (common terns) following a mass mortality event in a German breeding colony in 2019.

The Phages ΦE058 and ΦE067 Represent Distinct Prototypes of a New Subgroup of Temperate Myoviruses.

and are highly pathogenic species which are closely related, but diverse regarding their prophage content. While temperate phages have not yet been isolated from , several phages of , and its non-pathogenic relative have been described. In this study we isolated two phages from and three phages from and determined their morphology, host range, and relationship.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Veterinary Isolates.

is a halophilic species which has been found in marine and estuarine environments worldwide. The species is considered a rare pathogen for which the significance for humans is unclear. In this study, nine veterinary isolates were investigated that were obtained from domestic animals in Germany.

Phage Isolation and Characterization: What We Have Learned So Far.

Lytic phages, which can be used to combat this pathogen in animals and on food products, have been studied for more than 30 years. Though, due to some peculiarities of the phages, which hampered their isolation and particularly their molecular analysis for a long time, progress in this research field was rather slow. Meanwhile, the situation has changed and much more is known about the biology and genetics of those phages.

A multiplex real-time PCR for the detection and differentiation of Campylobacter phages.

Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are important food-borne pathogens that are widespread in animal husbandry. To combat Campylobacter along the food chain, the application of lytic phages has been shown to be a promising tool.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Temperate Phage KPP5665-2.

We describe here the genome sequence of the novel temperate phage KPP5665-2 isolated from a strain recovered from milk in Germany in 2016. The phage exhibited a narrow host range and a siphoviridal morphology. KPP5665-2-related prophage sequences were detected in whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of various species isolates.

Carbapenemase VCC-1-Producing Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Waters of Germany.

During antimicrobial drug resistance testing for Vibrio spp. from coastal waters of Germany, we identified 4 nontoxigenic, carbapenem-resistant V. cholerae isolates.

Prevalence, Host Range, and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Temperate Phages.

and are closely related bacteria that populate different habitats and differ in their pathogenic properties. Only little is known about mobile genetic elements in these genera which might be important for survival and virulence. Previous studies on lysogeny indicated that active phages are rare in this genus.

Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages.

Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex 398 (CC398) are highly prevalent in livestock and companion animals but may also cause serious infections in humans. CC398 strains in livestock usually do not possess well-known virulence factors that can be frequently found in other MRSA sequence types (ST). Since many staphylococcal virulence genes are residing on the genomes of temperate phages, the question arises why livestock-associated (LA-) CC398 strains are only rarely infected by those phages.

Genetic Diversity of Reference and Non-reference Phages and Its Impact on -Typing.

Virulent phages have been used for many years to type isolates, but until recently knowledge about the genetic makeup of these phages remains limited. In this work the host specificity and genomic sequences of the original set (deposited in 1960) of VLA reference phages Tb, Fi, Wb, Bk2, R/C, and Iz were analyzed and compared with hitherto described brucellaphages. VLA phages turned out to be different from homonymous phages in other laboratories.

The diverse genetic switch of enterobacterial and marine telomere phages.

Temperate bacteriophages possess a genetic switch which regulates the lytic and lysogenic cycle. The genomes of the enterobacterial telomere phages N15, PY54 and ϕKO2 harbor a primary immunity region (immB) comprising genes for the prophage repressor, the lytic repressor and a putative antiterminator, similar to CI, Cro and Q of lambda, respectively. Moreover, N15 and ϕKO2 contain 3 related operator (OR) sites between cI and cro, while only one site (OR3) has been detected in PY54.

Binding Specificities of the Telomere Phage ϕKO2 Prophage Repressor CB and Lytic Repressor Cro.

Temperate bacteriophages possess a genetic switch which regulates the lytic and lysogenic cycle. The genomes of the temperate telomere phages N15, PY54, and ϕKO2 harbor a primary immunity region (immB) comprising genes for the prophage repressor (cI or cB), the lytic repressor (cro) and a putative antiterminator (q). The roles of these products are thought to be similar to those of the lambda proteins CI (CI prophage repressor), Cro (Cro repressor), and Q (antiterminator Q), respectively.

Genome Sequence of the K139-Like Phage VcP032 Originating from the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa Serotype.

Vibrio cholerae is the cause of large cholera outbreaks, especially in endemic regions with high poverty and inadequate sanitation. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of the virulence-associated broad host range V. cholerae phage VcP032, including a brief summary of its genotypic and phenotypic features.