Depressive symptoms during the transition to adolescence: Left hippocampal volume as a marker of social context sensitivity.

The transition to adolescence is a critical period for mental health development. Socio-experiential environments play an important role in the emergence of depressive symptoms with some adolescents showing more sensitivity to social contexts than others. Drawing on recent developmental neuroscience advances, we examined whether hippocampal volume amplifies social context effects in the transition to adolescence.

Emotion Regulation in Couples Across Adulthood.

Intimate relationships are hotbeds of emotion. This article presents key findings and current directions in research on couples' emotion regulation across adulthood as a critical context in which older adults not only maintain functioning but may also outshine younger adults. First, I introduce key concepts, defining qualities (i.

Disrupted coherence between autonomic activation and emotional expression in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Landmark studies have shown decreased coherence between different emotion response systems (e.g., physiology and facial expressions) in people with psychosis.

Longitudinal study of peer victimization, social support, and mental health during early adolescence.

Background: Peer victimization predicts the development of mental health symptoms in the transition to adolescence, but it is unclear whether and how parents and school environments can buffer this link.

Methods: We analyzed two-year longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, involving a diverse sample of 11 844 children across the United States (average at baseline = 9.91 years; standard deviation = 0.

Neurological outcome in long-chain hydroxy fatty acid oxidation disorders.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the long-term benefit of newborn screening (NBS) for individuals with long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) deficiency, inherited metabolic diseases included in NBS programs worldwide.

Methods: German national multicenter study of individuals with confirmed LCHAD/MTP deficiency identified by NBS between 1999 and 2020 or selective metabolic screening. Analyses focused on NBS results, confirmatory diagnostics, and long-term clinical outcomes.

Habitual Expressive Suppression of Positive, but not Negative, Emotions Consistently Predicts Lower Well-being across Two Culturally Distinct Regions.

Habitual expressive suppression (i.e., a tendency to inhibit the outward display of one's emotions; hereafter suppression) is often conceptualized as a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy.

Feelings in words: Emotion word use and cardiovascular reactivity in marital interactions.

Putting feelings into words is often thought to be beneficial. Few studies, however, have examined associations between natural emotion word use and cardiovascular reactivity. This laboratory-based study examined emotion word use (i.

The longitudinal role of family conflict and neural reward sensitivity in youth's internalizing symptoms.

Adolescence is often associated with an increase in psychopathology. Although previous studies have examined how family environments and neural reward sensitivity separately play a role in youth's emotional development, it remains unknown how they interact with each other in predicting youth's internalizing symptoms. Therefore, the current research took a biopsychosocial approach to examine this question using two-wave longitudinal data of 9353 preadolescents (mean age = 9.

Falling hard, but recovering resoundingly: Age differences in stressor reactivity and recovery.

Strength and vulnerability integration (SAVI) theory (Charles, 2010) posits that age differences in emotional experiences vary based on the distance from an emotionally eliciting event. Before and after a stressor, SAVI predicts that older age is related to motivational strivings that often result in higher levels of well-being. However, during stressor exposure, age differences are predicted to be attenuated or disappear completely.

Can emotional acceptance buffer the link between executive functioning and mental health in late life?

Emotional acceptance is thought to play an important role in protecting mental health. However, few studies have examined emotional acceptance among older adults who may experience declines in functioning, including executive functioning. The present laboratory-based study examined whether emotional acceptance and (to determine specificity) detachment and positive reappraisal moderated links between executive functioning and mental health symptoms in a sample of healthy older adults.

Facial expressions in adolescent-parent interactions and mental health: A proof-of-concept study.

Parent-child relationships are hotbeds of emotion and play a key role in mental health. The present proof-of-concept study examined facial expressions of emotion during adolescent-parent interactions and links with internalizing mental health symptoms. Neutral, negative, and positive facial expressions were objectively measured in 28 parent-adolescent dyads during three 10-min dyadic interactions.

Alterations in facial expressions in individuals at risk for psychosis: a facial electromyography approach using emotionally evocative film clips.

Background: Negative symptoms such as blunted facial expressivity are characteristic of schizophrenia. However, it is not well-understood if and what abnormalities are present in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis.

Methods: This experimental study employed facial electromyography (left zygomaticus major and left corrugator supercilia) in a sample of CHR individuals ( = 34) and healthy controls ( = 32) to detect alterations in facial expressions in response to emotionally evocative film clips and to determine links with symptoms.

Diminished preparatory physiological responses in frontotemporal lobar degeneration syndromes.

Researchers typically study physiological responses either after stimulus onset or when the emotional valence of an upcoming stimulus is revealed. Yet, participants may also respond when they are told that an emotional stimulus is about to be presented even without knowing its valence. Increased physiological responding during this time may reflect a 'preparation for action'.

Clues from caregiver emotional language usage highlight the link between putative social environment and the psychosis-risk syndrome.

Familial emotional word usage has long been implicated in symptom progression in schizophrenia. However, few studies have examined caregiver emotional word usage prior to the onset of psychosis, among those with a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome. The current study examined emotional word usage in a sample of caregivers of CHR individuals (N = 37) and caregivers of healthy controls (N = 40) and links with clinical symptoms in CHR individuals.

Sudden neonatal death in individuals with medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency: limit of newborn screening.

Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is the most common disorder of mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids resulting in hypoketotic hypoglycemia, hepatopathy, and often fatal outcome in undiagnosed children. Introduction of tandem mass spectrometry-based newborn screening programs in the late 1990s has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in MCAD deficiency; however, neonatal death in individuals with early disease manifestation and severe hypoglycemia may still occur. We describe the fatal disease course in eight newborns with MCAD deficiency, aiming to raise awareness for early clinical symptoms and the life-saving treatment, and promote systematic post-mortem protocols for biochemical and genetic testing, necessary for correct diagnosis and counselling of the family if unexpected death occurred in the neonatal period.

The relationship between stress responding in family context and stress sensitivity with sleep dysfunction in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.

Stress and sleep have been implicated in the etiology of psychosis, and literature suggests they are closely related. Two distinct domains of stress associated with sleep dysfunction in the general population are responsivity to environmental stressors and stress sensitivity. However, to date, no research has examined relationships between these stress domains and sleep dysfunction in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis.

Executive functioning and nontarget emotions in late life.

When confronted with an emotion prototype (e.g., loss), individuals may experience not only target emotions (e.

Positivity resonance in long-term married couples: Multimodal characteristics and consequences for health and longevity.

The Positivity Resonance Theory of coexperienced positive affect describes moments of interpersonal connection characterized by shared positive affect, caring nonverbal synchrony, and biological synchrony. The construct validity of positivity resonance and its longitudinal associations with health have not been tested. The current longitudinal study examined whether positivity resonance in conflict interactions between 154 married couples predicts health trajectories over 13 years and longevity over 30 years.

Responses to positive affect and unique resting-state connectivity in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.

Individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) report dampened positive affect, while this deficit appears to be an important clinical marker, our current understanding of underlying causes is limited. Dysfunctional regulatory strategies (i.e.

Computerized analysis of facial expressions in serious mental illness.

Blunted facial affect is a transdiagnostic component of Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and is associated with a host of negative outcomes. However, blunted facial affect is a poorly understood phenomenon, with no known cures or treatments. A critical step in better understanding its phenotypic expression involves clarifying which facial expressions are altered in specific ways and under what contexts.

Alterations in Emotional Diversity Correspond With Increased Severity of Attenuated Positive and Negative Symptoms in the Clinical High-Risk Syndrome.

Alterations in emotional functioning are a key feature of psychosis and are present in individuals with a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome. However, little is known about alterations in emotional diversity (i.e.

Genuine and non-genuine smiles in individuals meeting criteria for a clinical high-risk syndrome.

Aim: Psychosis is characterized by both alterations in emotional functioning and environmental stressors including bullying victimization. Recent evidence suggests that some alterations in emotional functioning (e.g.

The biochemical subtype is a predictor for cognitive function in glutaric aciduria type 1: a national prospective follow-up study.

The aim of the study was a systematic evaluation of cognitive development in individuals with glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1), a rare neurometabolic disorder, identified by newborn screening in Germany. This national, prospective, observational, multi-centre study includes 107 individuals with confirmed GA1 identified by newborn screening between 1999 and 2020 in Germany. Clinical status, development, and IQ were assessed using standardized tests.