Microvascular Free Flap Practice Management and Career Development.

Microvascular free flap surgery has become the gold standard for head and neck reconstruction. There is significant variability in the technical aspects of this type of surgery, but commonalities can be found regarding general workflow and practice setup. This text will highlight several strategies to help the reconstructive head and neck surgeon improve efficiency, outcomes, and surgeon wellness.

Absence of genotoxicity following pulmonary exposure to metal oxides of copper, tin, aluminum, zinc, and titanium in mice.

Inhalation of nanosized metal oxides may occur at the workplace. Thus, information on potential hazardous effects is needed for risk assessment. We report an investigation of the genotoxic potential of different metal oxide nanomaterials.

[Food consumption frequency in schoolaged adolescents and its cardiovascular risk association].

Background: Childhood and adolescence are the life stages where eating habits related to the development of cardiovascular risk factors are usually established.

Objective: To classify cardiovascular risk in school adolescents from Villavicencio (Colombia) and, additionally, to estimate its association with food intake frequency according to food kind.

Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study developed in 1,504 adolescents of 13 to 17 years of age schooling in Villavicencio.

Minutes-duration optical flares with supernova luminosities.

In recent years, certain luminous extragalactic optical transients have been observed to last only a few days. Their short observed duration implies a different powering mechanism from the most common luminous extragalactic transients (supernovae), whose timescale is weeks. Some short-duration transients, most notably AT2018cow (ref.

Troponin elevation as a marker of short deterioration and one-year death in a high-risk surgical patient cohort in a low and middle income country setting: a postoperative approach to increase surveillance.

Purpose: Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery is common and mostly asymptomatic. The ideal target population that will benefit from routine troponin measurements in low and middle income countries (LMICs) is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a cohort of high-risk surgical patients according to high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) in an LMIC setting.

Voice Improvement After Essential Tremor Treatment via Focused Ultrasound and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine whether two neurosurgical procedures, deep brain stimulation (DBS) and focused ultrasound (FUS), to treat essential tremor (ET) of the upper limb also reduce vocal tremor (VT) in patients with comorbid dysphonia.

Methods: Twelve patients with ET and concomitant VT scheduled for neurosurgical intervention (FUS or DBS) or returning for follow-up after DBS implantation were assessed. FUS patients were assessed pre- and post-intervention and DBS patients were assessed with the electrodes turned on and off post-implantation.

Best Practices in Recruitment and Outreach to Women and Diverse Veterans for Coronavirus Research at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

In September 2020, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) launched a novel volunteer research registry to rapidly recruit eligible study participants for research on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccines and treatments at VA Medical Centers selected as study sites for COVID-19 clinical trials. Targeted multimedia outreach campaigns were used to recruit diverse populations, including those historically under-represented in medical research. By November 2022, 58,561 volunteers were enrolled in the registry, 19% of whom were women, 9% Hispanic/Latino, and 8% Black.

Comparison of acute phase response in mice after inhalation and intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten particles.

Inhalation studies are the gold standard for assessing the toxicity of airborne materials. They require considerable time, special equipment, and large amounts of test material. Intratracheal instillation is considered a screening and hazard assessment tool as it is simple, quick, allows control of the applied dose, and requires less test material.

Overview of Efforts to Increase Women Enrollment in the Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program.

Background: Ensuring enhanced delivery of care to women Veterans is a top Veterans Affairs (VA) priority; however, women are historically underrepresented in research that informs evidence-based health care. A primary barrier to women's participation is the inability to engage with research in person due to a number of documented challenges. The VA Million Veteran Program (MVP) is committed to increasing access for women Veterans to participate in research, thereby better understanding conditions specific to this population and how disease manifests differently in women compared to men.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Mine Tailings in Central Chile Using Meyen, DC, and Miers ex Bertero.

Mining activities have been a part of the history of Chile since time immemorial, generating pollution and environmental liabilities. Due to the lack of regulation, many tailings are deposited close to rivers or/and on unstable ground, near which towns have been built, generally in locations with no budget for their treatment. This study tested three plant species from Northern and Central Chile to remove total chromium, nickel, and zinc from tailings: , and , which complements the few existing studies on heavy metals removal with native or endemic Chilean shrubs.

Genotoxicity in the absence of inflammation after tungsten inhalation in mice.

Tungsten is used in several applications and human exposure may occur. To assess its pulmonary toxicity, we exposed male mice to nose-only inhalation of tungsten particles at 9, 23 or 132 mg/m (Low, Mid and High exposure) (45 min/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks). Increased genotoxicity (assessed by comet assay) was seen in bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid cells at Low and High exposure.

Ultrasonic Pin Placement for Resorbable Rigid Fixation of a Thyroid Cartilage Fracture.

Objective: To present the first use of an ultrasonic pin resorbable plate fixation system for rigid fixation of a laryngeal fracture.

Methods: Presentation of a 20-year-old male with a high velocity injury to his neck, via a lacrosse ball, resulting in a displaced laryngeal cartilage fracture.

Results: Intraoperatively, a Poly-D, L-Lactic Acid (PDLLA) polymer plate was contoured in-situ, bridging the fracture, and secured with ultrasonically placed resorbable pins.

Pulmonary toxicity of molybdenum disulphide after inhalation in mice.

Molybdenum disulphide (MoS) is a constituent of many products. To protect humans, it is important to know at what air concentrations it becomes toxic. For this, we tested MoS particles by nose-only inhalation in mice.

Tönnis Grade 1 dysplastic hips have improved patient-reported outcome scores when intraarticular pathology is treated during periacetabular osteotomy.

It is unclear whether treatment of intraarticular pathology should be performed during periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) to improve outcomes. Therefore, we asked: (i) What are the clinical results of PAO in patients with and without intraarticular intervention? (ii) Is there a difference in reoperations with and without intraarticular intervention? and (iii) Is there a difference in clinical results and reoperations depending on preoperative Tönnis Grade if intraarticular intervention is performed? Prospective evaluation of 161 PAO in 146 patients was performed. The cohort was 84.

An Assessment of the Metal Removal Capability of Endemic Chilean Species.

In Chile, there are several abandoned mine tailing impoundments near population centers that need to be remediated. In this study, the ability of , and to remove Zn, Ni, and Cr from mine tailings was evaluated. The plants' removal efficiency, bioconcentration, and translocation factors regarding these metals were determined to assess the ability of certain endemic species from Northern and Central Chile to extract or stabilize metals.

Genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotube reference materials in mammalian cells and animals.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were the first nanomaterials to be evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The categorization as possibly carcinogenic agent to humans was only applicable to multi-walled carbon nanotubes called MWCNT-7. Other types of CNTs were not classifiable because of missing data and it was not possible to pinpoint unique CNT characteristics that cause cancer.

Addressing intraarticular pathology at the time of anteverting periacetabular osteotomy for acetabular retroversion is associated with better short-term patient-reported outcomes.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is effective in the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip and femoroacetabular impingement secondary to acetabular retroversion. During anteverting PAO for acetabular retroversion, the need for both labral treatment and femoral head-neck junction osteochondroplasty remains equivocal. Accordingly, this study evaluated patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and reoperation rates after anteverting PAO with or without intraarticular intervention.