Effect of disease, freezing of gait, and dopaminergic medication in the biomechanics of trunk and upper limbs in the gait of Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) causes gait abnormalities that may be associated with an arm swing reduction. Medication and freezing of gait (FoG) may influence gait characteristics. However, these comparisons do not consider differences in gait speed and clinical characteristics in individuals with PD.

Effect of freezing of gait and dopaminergic medication in the biomechanics of lower limbs in the gait of patients with Parkinson's disease compared to neurologically healthy.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the effects of medication, and the freezing of gait (FoG) on the kinematic and kinetic parameters of gait in people with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) compared to neurologically healthy.

Methods: Twenty-two people with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PD in ON and OFF medication (11 FoG), and 18 healthy participants (control) were selected from two open data sets. All participants walked on the floor on a 10-meter-long walkway.

A public data set of walking full-body kinematics and kinetics in individuals with Parkinson's disease.

Background: To our knowledge, there is no Parkinson's disease (PD) gait biomechanics data sets available to the public.

Objective: This study aimed to create a public data set of 26 idiopathic individuals with PD who walked overground on ON and OFF medication.

Materials And Methods: Their upper extremity, trunk, lower extremity, and pelvis kinematics were measured using a three-dimensional motion-capture system (Raptor-4; Motion Analysis).

Cognitive and emotional factors influence specific domains of postural control in individuals with moderate-to-severe Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Cognition and emotional state are domains that highly interfere with postural control in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to find associations between executive function, anxiety, depression, and reactive and anticipatory postural control domains in individuals with moderate-to-severe Parkinson's disease.

Methods: In this study, 34 individuals with PD while on medication were thoroughly assessed for postural control in perturbed, quiet standing and stepping.

A systematic review on the effectiveness of perturbation-based balance training in postural control and gait in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Pharmacological and surgical interventions do not improve postural control and gait effectively in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). An innovative and promising therapeutic intervention is perturbation-based balance training (PBT).

Objective: To perform a systematic review to summarise the current evidence for PBT on postural control and gait in people with PD.

The effects of levodopa in the spatiotemporal gait parameters are mediated by self-selected gait speed in Parkinson's disease.

In individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), the medication induces different and inconsistent results in the spatiotemporal parameters of gait, making it difficult to understand its effects on gait. As spatiotemporal gait parameters have been reported to be affected by gait speed, it is essential to consider the gait speed when studying walking biomechanics to interpret the results better when comparing the gait pattern of different conditions. Since the medication alters the self-selected gait speed of individuals with PD, this study analysed whether the change in gait speed can explain the selective effects of l-DOPA on the spatiotemporal parameters of gait in individuals with PD.

Frontal Hemodynamic Response During Step Initiation Under Cognitive Conflict in Older and Young Healthy People.

Gait initiation is a daily challenge even for healthy individuals as it requires the timely coupling between the automatic anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) and the voluntary step according to the context. Modulation of this motor event has been thought to involve higher level brain control, including cognitive inhibitory circuitries. Despite the known participation of the supplementary motor area (SMA) in the modulation of some parameters of APA, the participation of areas controlling inhibition during gait initiation still needs to be investigated.