Endoscopic approaches to the management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: A state-of-the-art narrative review.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk of developing colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN), including colorectal cancer (CRC), through the inflammation-dysplasia-neoplasia pathway. Dysplasia is the most reliable, early and actionable marker for CAN in these patients. While such lesions are frequently encountered, adequate management depends on an accurate assessment, complete resection and close surveillance.

Pancolonic Dye Spray Chromoendoscopy to Detect and Resect Ill-Defined Neoplastic Lesions in Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Pancolonic dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) is used as an adjunct to white light endoscopy (WLE) to enhance the detection and delineation of ill-defined neoplastic (dysplastic) lesions in persons with colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (cIBD). We evaluated the utility of DCE as follow-up to high-definition WLE (HD-WLE) to "unmask" and/or facilitate endoscopic resection of neoplastic lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively studied persons with cIBD who underwent DCE as follow-up to HD-WLE between 2013 and 2020.

The role of low-carbohydrate diets in the intensive care unit.

Low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) nutrition therapy is characterized by carbohydrates comprising <26% of the daily caloric intake and a higher proportion of fat. LCHF therapies reduce exogenous glucose load, improve glycemic control, decrease inflammation, and improve clinical outcomes such as respiratory function. Given the altered metabolism in critically ill patients, LCHF nutrition therapy may be especially beneficial as it enables the conservation of protein and glucose for metabolic roles beyond energy use.

Delirium and Associated Length of Stay and Costs in Critically Ill Patients.

Purpose: Delirium frequently affects critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of delirium on ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS) and perform a cost analysis.

Materials And Methods: Prospective studies and randomized controlled trials of patients in the ICU with delirium published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, were evaluated.

Placental histopathology in sickle cell disease: A descriptive and hypothesis-generating study.

Introduction: Abnormal placental development is a unifying factor amongst many adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Our aim was to describe placental histopathologic findings in women with SCD and their relationship with APOs, and to explore the association between antenatal sonographic findings and placental pathology.

Methods: Retrospective single-centre case series of all pregnant women with SCD (January 2000-December 2017), pregnancy beyond 20 weeks' gestation, and available placenta histopathology.

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Major Surgical Interventions Upon Overall Survival.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a severe complication of solid organ transplantation. A common site for PTLD development is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical features, and overall survival of pediatric patients with GI-PTLD, and to assess whether major surgical interventions increased mortality.