Revision of the western Nearctic spider genus Cybaeina including the description of Neocybaeina gen. nov. and Rothaeina gen. nov. (Araneae: Cybaeidae: Cybaeinae).

This paper is the last in a series revising the Nearctic Cybaeinae spider fauna (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) exclusive of Cybaeozyga Chamberlin & Ivie. The forested habitats of the west coast of North America are home to a diverse array of endemic Cybaeinae spider taxa. Many of these have very restricted distributions, especially within an area of the western United States of America from the Olympic Peninsula of northwestern Washington to the northern half of the California Floristic Province of California, a well-known biodiversity hotspot.

Pseudocybaeota (Araneae: Cybaeidae): a new spider genus endemic to coastal Pacific Northwestern United States of America.

The forested habitats of the west coast of North America are home to a diverse array of endemic Cybaeinae spider taxa (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae). Most of those taxa have very restricted distributions within an area of the western United States of America from the Olympic Peninsula of northwestern Washington to the northern half of the Californian Floristic Province of California, a well-known biodiversity hotspot. Here we describe Pseudocybaeota Bennett gen.

The Californian clade of Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae) in the Nearctic: the septatus species group and three unplaced species.

North American species of the genus Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) are woodland spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here, in the fifth and final paper in a series reviewing the six Californian clade species groups, we present eight species.

Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae) in the Nearctic: the devius and tardatus species groups of the Californian clade.

Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) are moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here, in the fourth paper in a planned series reviewing the six Californian clade species groups, we review the species of the devius and tardatus groups.

Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae): the consocius species group of the Californian clade.

Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) are common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here, in the third paper in a planned series reviewing the six Californian clade species groups, we review the species of the consocius group.

Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae): the aspenicolens species group of the Californian clade.

Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) are common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here, in the second paper in a planned series reviewing the six Californian clade species groups, we review the species of the aspenicolens group.

Allocybaeina littlewalteri (Araneae: Cybaeidae): a new genus and species endemic to northwestern California.

Various undescribed Cybaeina Chamberlin Ivie (Araneae: Dictynoidea: Cybaeidae) and Cybaeina-like taxa are known from forested habitats in the west coast of North America. Most have very restricted ranges within the northern portion of the Californian Floristic Province, a well-known biodiversity hotspot. Here we describe Allocybaeina Bennett gen.

Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae): the adenes species group of the Californian clade.

Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: Dictynoidea: Cybaeidae) are common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here we review the adenes species group of the Californian clade.

Araneae of Canada.

In 1979 nearly 1400 spider species in 32 families either had been recorded (1249) or were believed to occur (~140) in Canada. Twenty years later, although significant progress had been made in survey efforts in some regions, Canada's spider inventory had only increased by approximately 7% to roughly 1500 species known or expected to occur. The family count had increased to 38 but only two additions were truly novel (five family additions and one family deletion were the result of advances in family-level systematics).

Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae): the Nearctic species of the Holarctic clade.

Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: Dictynoidea: Cybaeidae) are classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. We review the Nearctic species of the Holarctic clade of these common moist-forest spiders.

Apostenus ducati (Araneae: Liocranidae) sp. nov.: a second Nearctic species in the genus.

Apostenus ducati sp. nov. is described from montane areas in or adjacent to the Columbia River basin of southeastern British Columbia in Canada and northern Washington and northwestern Montana in the United States.

Pervasive associations between Cybaeus spiders and the bacterial symbiont Cardinium.

Cardinium is a recently discovered maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont in the Bacteroidetes that has thus far been documented in five arthropod orders. While its effects on his hosts are largely unknown, a few strains have been shown to manipulate host reproduction in parasitic wasps and in mites, either by transforming males into females, or by causing mating incompatibilities between infected males and uninfected males. Cardinium has recently been reported to be widespread in spiders, and in this study, we document pervasive infections in Cybaeus spiders, which are some of the most abundant yet understudied spiders in the understory of moist Western North American forests.