[Program for Integral Assistance to Women's Health, 40 years of history: interview with Ana Maria Costa].

The interview marks the 40th anniversary of the Programa de Assistência Integral à Saúde da Mulher (Program for Integral Assistance to Women's Health), and aims to revisit the history of this innovative health policy, the context in which it was created and the generation that took it forward, from the narrative of a key person, Ana Maria Costa, who played a leading role in the process of its creation, from conception to the elaboration of its final text. Launched in 1983, the policy was a pioneer in proposing and incorporating the principles of universality, equity and integrality, which would be the foundations of the Sistema Único de Saúde, and introducing the perspective of women's reproductive rights.

Health care itineraries for women in situations of abortion: methodological aspects of a qualitative study for Birth in Brazil II survey.

In recent decades, several academic studies on abortion have been produced in Brazil, with different designs, objectives, and methodologies. However, due to the diversity of situations in which Brazilian women experience abortion, the complexity of this topic, and its modulations in different political and sociocultural contexts, it still challenges academicians and the fields of health and reproductive rights. In this article, we present methodological aspects of a qualitative study on health care itineraries of women in situations of abortion, a component of the Birth in Brazil II survey, whose objective is to discuss the effects of gender; race/ethnicity; social class; generational, regional, and territorial inequalities on care itineraries.

Where are LGBTT populations in the Family Health Strategy? narratives of health professionals in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.

The populations of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites, and transsexuals (LGBTT) have not had a place in the "official history" of humanity, except as secondary actors that deviate, distort, or even tarnish popular memory, guided by cisheteronormativity. These same subjects often experience obstacles in the care provided by the Family Health Strategy (ESF) within a universal, comprehensive, and equitable system. This paper seeks to analyze experiences narrated by primary care professionals in health care for LGBTT populations in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.

[Medicalization of childbirth: the meanings attributed by the literature on childbirth care in Brazil].

This study analyzes the meanings attributed to the concept of the medicalization of childbirth from a narrative review of the literature in national journals published between 2000 and 2017. It is based on the more general concept of medicalization - understood as the process by which medicine broadens and consolidates its area of activity in the various sectors of society - and the different formulations of the concept conceived by twentieth-century scholars. Five categories were created that related the medicalization of childbirth with interventions, professional dispute, violation of the rights of pregnant women, the birth scenario, and the impact of the medicalization of society.

Opening the closets of access and quality: an integrative review on the health of LGBTT populations.

The research aimed to study the situations that condition access and quality of health care to lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals (LGBTT) in health services from an integrative review of national and international literature, whose sample of 41 papers was selected in PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO databases from 2007 to 2018. Access and health issues of LGBTT people were discussed in three dimensions: relational, concerning intersubjective relationships among users and professionals; organizational, concerning the organization of services and work processes; and contextual, which covers the effect of vulnerable situations enmeshed with social determinants on the conditions of satisfaction of health needs. The related data showed that LGBTT populations are the target of prejudice, violence, and discrimination, which, added to different social indicators, engender a context of vulnerabilities in access and healthcare.

[A firsthand description of childbirth's pathways into Brazilian health policies: interview with Maria do Carmo Leal and Marcos Dias].

This interview discusses the pathways that brought childbirth into Brazilian public policies. Maria do Carmo Leal and Marcos Dias are active participants in this journey, in academics as well as activism. In the interview, the participants reflect on the challenges to achieving change in the Brazilian health care model and highlight the importance of women's participation and their movements in reaching this goal.

Medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth in the pages of Claudia, 1961-1990.

The role of the women's magazine Claudia as a pedagogic device in the medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth in Brazil is discussed. The analysis of issues from the magazine's first three decades shows how information in this field was presented and taught, articulating elements of biomedicine, technology, and consumption. Under the aegis of the supremacy of scientific rationality and politics of risk, pregnancy and childbirth were resignified and incorporated into new medical and technological regimes, which included the need for women to internalize the desire and obligation to be healthy during pregnancy and produce healthy children.

The opportunity pill: discourses about the birth control pill in A Gazeta da Farmácia, 1960-1981.

The pharmacy world was a mandatory crossing point and active player in the establishment of hormonal contraception in Brazil. Through an analysis of articles published in A Gazeta da Farmácia from 1960 to 1981, the study explores little-known aspects of the birth control pill's biography and the construction of its Brazilian market. For pharmacy professionals, oral contraceptives were "opportunity pills" in two senses: they provided profits and they restored the prestige of these professionals within the scientific, clinical-therapeutic, and political realms.

Absorption and metabolization of sex hormones and their transformation into contraceptive technologies: the paths taken by medical thought in Brazil.

The article analyses knowledge assimilation and the development of clinical and research practices relating to sex hormones among Brazilian gynaecologists. It discusses the paths taken by medical thought from the reception of the hormones to their transformation into contraceptives. Our objective is to comprehend styles of introducing and disseminating medical technologies in the area of reproductive health in Brazil.

Cesarean sections, perfecting the technique and standardizing the practice: an analysis of the book Obstetrícia, by Jorge de Rezende.

This article discusses the development of techniques for cesarean sections by doctors in Brazil, during the 20th century, by analyzing the title "Operação Cesárea" (Cesarean Section), of three editions of the textbookObstetrícia, by Jorge de Rezende. His prominence as an author in obstetrics and his particular style of working, created the groundwork for the normalization of the practice of cesarean sections. The networks of meaning practiced within this scientific community included a "provision for feeling and for action" (Fleck) which established the C-section as a "normal" delivery: showing standards that exclude unpredictability, chaos, and dangers associated with the physiology of childbirth, meeting the demand for control, discipline and safety, qualities associated with practices, techniques and technologies of biomedicine.

Contraceptive practices of Brazilian adolescents: social vulnerability in question.

This article seeks to analyze contraceptive practices of Brazilian adolescents and to discuss associated vulnerability situations. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using the database of the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children _ PNDS 2006. Factors associated with the current use of contraceptive methods were investigated.

[Sexuality, reproduction and health: experiences of adolescent students living in a small city of the interior].

This article aims to describe experiences of school adolescents of both sexes, living in a small city in the interior of the State of Rio de Janeiro, concerning affective-sexual life and sexual and reproductive health. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a structured questionnaire among 200 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 from public schools in Silva Jardim,. The girls' sexual initiation occurred between 15 and 19 and boys between 12 and 14.

Transcranial sonography as a diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease: a pilot study in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Unlabelled: In Brazil there is no systematic study on Transcranial Sonography (TCS), a neuroimaging method that depicts echogenic deep brain structures using ultrasound.

Objective: To establish the percentage of subjects with permissive temporal windows and to address the ability of TCS of the substantia nigra (SN) to distinguish parkinsonian patients in a Brazilian sample.

Method: We performed TCS using the Acuson X300 (Siemens, Germany) in 37 individuals: 23 with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 14 healthy controls.

[Non-Governmental Organizations in the area of Child Healthcare - review of the literature].

The second half of the twentieth century saw the emergence of organizations that reflected the mobilization of civil society for more effective participation in questions in the public interest and of a social nature. These became known as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and they assumed their place as partners with public and private sectors to develop actions in different areas, including healthcare. Based on a review of the literature, the scope of this paper was to assess the status of scientific knowledge on the participation of NGOs in child healthcare and, by identifying and classifying their activities, establish if they are in line with the agenda of the field.

[Repeated pregnancy among adolescents and social vulnerability in Rio de Janeiro (RJ, Brazil): data analysis of Information System on Live Births].

Repeated pregnancy (RP) among adolescents is seldom researched in Brazil, even tough the debate on the reproductive rights is important for this extract of population. A transversal study was developed with data from the Declaration of Live Births of adolescent mothers, living in Rio de Janeiro (RJ, Brazil), in 2005. The aim was to estimate the magnitude and features associated with RP.

[Cognitive function in menopausal women evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and Word-List Memory Test].

There is little research in Brazil on cognition and menopause, despite the high frequency of neuropsychiatric complaints in this phase of women's life. The authors present a cross-sectional study aimed at describing the scores by 156 menopausal women on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Word-List Memory Test (WLMT). The mean score on the MMSE was 25.