Phenomenology and clinical course of movement disorder in GNAO1 variants: Results from an analytical review.

GNAO1 variants were recently discovered as causes of epileptic encephalopathies and heterogeneous syndromes presenting with movement disorders (MDs), whose phenomenology and clinical course are yet undefined. We herein focused on GNAO1-related MD, providing an analytical review of existing data to outline the main MD phenomenology and management, clinical evolution and genotype-phenotype correlations. Reviewing 41 previously published patients and assessing 5 novel cases, a comprehensive cohort of 46 patients was analyzed, reassuming knowledge about genotypes, phenotypes, disease course and treatment of this condition.

Long-lasting CCR5 internalization by antibodies in a subset of long-term nonprogressors: a possible protective effect against disease progression.

Exposure to HIV-1 does not necessarily result in infection and progression toward disease, thus suggesting that the control of viral infection may be achieved. Antibodies to CCR5 have been detected in HIV-exposed but uninfected subjects (ESNs); thus, these antibodies could be involved in HIV protection. To assess whether anti-CCR5 antibodies may also contribute to slow HIV disease progression, we searched for anti-CCR5 antibodies in 497 subjects, including 85 long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs), 70 progressors, 135 HIV(+) patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and 207 seronegative donors.

Serum IgA of HIV-exposed uninfected individuals inhibit HIV through recognition of a region within the alpha-helix of gp41.

Background: HIV-specific IgA is present in HIV-exposed uninfected individuals (EU) and neutralizes primary strains of HIV-1 in vitro.

Objectives: To analyse the antigenic correlates of HIV-1 neutralization using HIV epitopes and IgA from EU and HIV-seropositive individuals.

Methods: Sera from six heterosexual couples discordant for HIV serostatus, six age-matched HIV-infected subjects and six healthy controls (HC; as negative controls) were analysed.