Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.

Background: Treatment guidance for children and older adult patients affected by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is unclear due to limited representation of these groups in clinical trials.

Methods: We conducted a collaborative retrospective study to describe the effectiveness and safety of antileishmanial treatments in children ≤ 10 and adults ≥ 60 years of age, treated between 2014 and 2018 in ten CL referral centers in Latin America.

Results: 2,037 clinical records were assessed for eligibility.

SELF-CONFIDENCE ON ACQUIRED SURGICAL SKILLS TO DEAL WITH SEVERE TRAUMA PATIENTS IN RECENTLY GRADUATED SURGEONS.

Background: Level of competence by procedure. Trauma is one of the leading causes of death in the world and proper surgical care is critical to impact mortality. In Chile, trauma associated death ranks first as mortality cause in population between 20 and 59 years old.

Understanding the barriers and facilitators to trauma registry development in resource-constrained settings: A survey of trauma registry stewards and researchers.

Background: The implementation of trauma registries has proven a highly effective means of injury control. However, many low and middle-income countries lack trauma registries. Those that have trauma registries vary widely in terms of both implementation and structure.

Maximizing the potential of trauma registries in low-income and middle-income countries.

Injury is a major global health issue, resulting in millions of deaths every year. For decades, trauma registries have been used in wealthier countries for injury surveillance and clinical governance, but their adoption has lagged in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Paradoxically, LMICs face a disproportionately high burden of injury with few resources available to address this pandemic.

Lobomycosis in Soldiers, Colombia.

Lobomycosis is a disease that is endemic to the Amazon rainforest and is caused by the still uncultured fungus Lacazia loboi. This disease occurs in loggers, farmers, miners, fishermen, and persons living near coastal rivers of this region. We report 6 soldiers in Colombia in whom lobomycosis developed after military service in the Amazon area.

UVA-1 phototherapy for the management of atopic dermatitis: a large retrospective study conducted in a low-middle income country.

Background: Medium-dose ultraviolet light A - 1 (UVA-1) phototherapy, given in short courses, has shown efficacy in atopic dermatitis flares; little is known about its use, efficacy, and side effects in prolonged exposure used in the chronic disease despite its extensive use.

Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted; convenience sampling of patients with atopic dermatitis treated with UVA-1 phototherapy was made; evaluation of clinical response by SCORAD, adverse effects, and protocols used in each patient were evaluated.

Results: Patients exposed to UVA-1 phototherapy showed a decrease in the SCORAD (30.

Arthropod toxins and their antinociceptive properties: From venoms to painkillers.

The complex process of pain control commonly involves the use of systemic analgesics; however, in many cases, a more potent and effective polypharmacological approach is needed to promote clinically significant improvement. Additionally, considering side effects caused by current painkillers, drug discovery is once more turning to nature as a source of more efficient therapeutic alternatives. In this context, arthropod venoms contain a vast array of bioactive substances that have evolved to selectively bind to specific pharmacological targets involved in the pain signaling pathway, playing an important role as pain activators or modulators, the latter serving as promising analgesic agents.

Pharmacological Alternatives for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Wasp and Bee Venoms and Their Components as New Neuroactive Tools.

Neurodegenerative diseases are relentlessly progressive, severely impacting affected patients, families and society as a whole. Increased life expectancy has made these diseases more common worldwide. Unfortunately, available drugs have insufficient therapeutic effects on many subtypes of these intractable diseases, and adverse effects hamper continued treatment.

Maintaining plethodontid salamanders in the laboratory for regeneration studies.

Limb regeneration studies have been extensively carried out in species of Ambystomatidae and Salamandridae families. So far limited research has been conducted in species belonging to the Plethodontidae family, where some of the species differs from other salamander families due to their direct development, thus absence of a larval life. Here, we describe a protocol to maintain the plethodontid salamanders of genus Bolitoglossa species under laboratory conditions to perform regeneration studies.

Venomic and pharmacological activity of Acanthoscurria paulensis (Theraphosidae) spider venom.

In the present study we conducted proteomic and pharmacological characterizations of the venom extracted from the Brazilian tarantula Acanthoscurria paulensis, and evaluated the cardiotoxicity of its two main fractions. The molecular masses of the venom components were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) after chromatographic separation (HPLC). The lethal dose (LD(50)) was determined in mice.