Transoral snare removal of subepiglottic cysts.

Objective: The objective of this demonstration was to describe and simulate a surgical technique for removing subepiglottic cysts in horses via an oral approach under endoscopic guidance using a cadaver model for simulation and clinical data. The technique aims to provide a minimally invasive method for the removal of these cysts.

Animals: 2 clinical case images from the Washington State University Teaching Hospital were used in the video.

articular cartilage removal from equine proximal interphalangeal joints using cannulated drill bits.

Objective: This report evaluates the use of 4.5- and 5.5-mm cannulated drill bits for articular cartilage removal from the proximal interphalangeal joints of equine cadaver limbs.

Ability to Perform Laparoscopic Intra- and Extracorporeal Suture Ligations in a Live Canine Ovariectomy Model after Simulation Training.

Veterinary resident training in minimally invasive surgery is currently inconsistent and depends on innate psychomotor skills. Simulation training has been shown to effectively increase basic skills, but demonstration of simulation training effects on advanced skills in the operating room is sparse. We aimed to determine if simulation-trained novice surgeons were able to perform laparoscopic suture ligation in live dogs.

Treatment of temporohyoid osteoarthropathy in horses with a basihyoid-ceratohyoid disarticulation technique: 6 cases (2018-2019).

Objective: To describe a technique for basihyoid-ceratohyoid disarticulation (BCD) in standing sedated horses affected by temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO) and report outcomes for horses that underwent the procedure.

Animals: 6 client-owned horses.

Procedures: Electronic medical records of a veterinary teaching hospital were searched to identify horses that underwent BCD for treatment of THO from 2018 to 2019.

Effects of head position on internal and external carotid pressures in standing sedated horses.

The effects of head position on internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) pressures in standing sedated horses were evaluated in this study. The common carotid artery (CCA) was catheterized in 6 horses using an ultrasound-guided technique to facilitate placement of a pressure transducer within the ICA and ECA at the level of the guttural pouch. Transducer position was confirmed by endoscopic visualization.

Midbody penile urethrocutaneous fistula repaired by fistulectomy and urethral anastomosis in a stallion.

Case Description: A 12-year-old Friesian stallion was examined because of a 1-year history of preputial injury and urination through a urethrocutaneous fistula located at the midbody of the ventral aspect of the penis.

Clinical Findings: Physical examination revealed an opening with a clearly apparent mucocutaneous junction 12 cm from the distal opening of the urethra on the ventral left side of the penis. Endoscopic examination of the distal portion of the urethra confirmed a blind pouch with no communication with the fistula or proximal portion of the urethra.

A porcine ligated loop model reveals new insight into the host immune response against .

The symptoms of infectious diarrheal disease are mediated by a combination of a pathogen's virulence factors and the host immune system. is the leading bacterial cause of diarrhea worldwide due to its near-ubiquitous zoonotic association with poultry. One of the outstanding questions is to what extent the bacteria are responsible for the diarrheal symptoms via intestinal cell necrosis versus immune cell initiated tissue damage.

The Use of Pneumatic Impact Lithotripsy in a Laparoscopic Retrieval Pouch for Removal of Large Cystoliths in Two Female Horses.

Two mares, aged 15 and 21 years, were examined because of urinary incontinence, intermittent hematuria, and urine scalding. On admission of both horses, physical parameters were within normal limits and urine scalding of the skin at the ventral perineum was noted. Transrectal palpation and cystoscopy revealed a large type I cystolith (>10 cm) with associated hyperemia and focal ulceration of the bladder mucosa.

Use of non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography to identify deep digital flexor tendinopathy in horses with lameness: 28 cases (2014-2016).

Objective: To describe the use of non-contrast-enhanced CT to identify deep digital flexor (DDF) tendinopathy in horses with lameness attributed to pain in regions distal to the metatarsophalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joints.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 28 client-owned horses.

Development and evaluation of a high-fidelity canine laparoscopic ovariectomy model for surgical simulation training and testing.

OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate a high-fidelity simulated laparoscopic ovariectomy (SLO) model for surgical training and testing. DESIGN Evaluation study. SAMPLE 15 veterinary students (novice group), 5 veterinary surgical interns or residents (intermediate group), and 6 veterinary surgeons (experienced group).

Ex vivo radiocontrast description of the caudal epigastric arteries in horses.

Objective: To determine the location of the deep and superficial caudal epigastric arteries in relation to 3 midline positions and the relationship between the location of these arteries, body circumference, and body condition score.

Study Design: Descriptive anatomical study.

Sample Population: Nine horses, aged 1-28 years (mean 10.

A minimally invasive surgical technique for ureteral ostioplasty in two fillies with ureteral ectopia.

CASE DESCRIPTION 2 fillies, aged 3 months and 1 month, were examined because of urinary incontinence and urine scalding. CLINICAL FINDINGS In horse 1, ultrasonography did not reveal any structural abnormalities of the kidneys; however, unilateral ureteral ectopia was diagnosed cystoscopically. In horse 2, CT revealed bilateral nephropathy, bilateral distended ureters (up to 3.

Comparison of Enterprise Point-of-Care and Nova Biomedical Critical Care Xpress analyzers for determination of arterial pH, blood gas, and electrolyte values in canine and equine blood.

Background: Point-of-care analyzers can provide a rapid turnaround time for critical blood test results. Agreement between the Enterprise Point-of-Care (EPOC) and bench-top laboratory analyzers is important to determine the clinical reliability of the EPOC.

Objectives: The aim of the study was (1) to evaluate the precision (repeatability) of blood gas values measured by the EPOC and (2) to determine the level of agreement between the EPOC and Nova Critical Care Express (Nova CCX) for the assessment of arterial pH, blood gases, and electrolyte variables in canine and equine blood.

Face, construct, and concurrent validity of a simulation model for laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses.

OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a simulation model for laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing horses. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SAMPLE 15 third-year veterinary students and 4 equine surgeons with experience in laparoscopy.

Comparison of incisional bursting strength of 2-strand continuous crossing and simple continuous patterns for closure of the equine linea alba.

The objective of this study was to assess and compare the bursting pressure and mode of failure of a 2-strand continuous crossing suture pattern and a simple continuous suture pattern for closure of the equine linea alba. No difference in bursting strength or mode of failure was found between the 2 suture patterns.

Effect of simulator orientation during skills training on performance of basic laparoscopic tasks by veterinary students.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether basic laparoscopic skills acquired during training in the horizontal plane would transfer to the vertical plane and vice versa. DESIGN Evaluation study. SAMPLE POPULATION 26 first- and second-year veterinary students with no prior laparoscopic skills training or surgical experience.

Morcellation for testes extraction in horses undergoing standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy.

The major objective of this study was to describe the use of morcellation for standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy in 30 client-owned horses. A second objective was to describe a laparoscopic-assisted standing scrotal technique for removal of a descended testis in unilateral cryptorchids. Morcellation for extraction of abdominal testes is effective, efficient, and well-tolerated.

Comparison of 2 training programs for basic laparoscopic skills and simulated surgery performance in veterinary students.

Objective: To compare the effects of 2 training curricula on laparoscopic skills and performance of simulated surgery in veterinary students.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Sample Population: Veterinary students (n = 33) with no prior hands-on experience in minimally invasive surgery.

Laparoscopic evaluation of the small intestine in the standing horse: Technique and effects.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes after laparoscopic evaluation of the small intestines via laparoscopy.

Study Design: Prospective pilot study.

Animals: Healthy adult horses (n = 5).

Instrument Motion Metrics for Laparoscopic Skills Assessment in Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality.

Objective: To determine the construct and concurrent validity of instrument motion metrics for laparoscopic skills assessment in virtual reality and augmented reality simulators.

Study Design: Evaluation study.

Sample Population: Veterinarian students (novice, n = 14) and veterinarians (experienced, n = 11) with no or variable laparoscopic experience.

Use of a minimally invasive fasciotomy technique for treatment of antebrachial compartment syndrome in two horses.

Case Description: An 18-year-old Paint stallion (horse 1) and a 17-year-old Morgan gelding (horse 2) were evaluated because of an acute onset of severe unilateral forelimb lameness.

Clinical Findings: Both horses were unable to bear weight on the affected forelimb and had a dropped elbow appearance. Radial nerve paralysis, triceps myopathy, and fractures of the humerus and ulna were ruled out.

Use of a motorized morcellator for elective bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing equids: 30 cases (2007-2013).

Objective: To describe the use of a motorized morcellator for elective bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in standing equids and to evaluate long-term outcome.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 30 equids (20 horses, 9 mules, and 1 pony).

Laparoscopic removal of a bladder urolith in a standing horse.

Case Description: An 11-year-old Arabian gelding was evaluated for hematuria, stranguria, and pollakiuria that had been observed for 1 week.

Clinical Findings: Transrectal palpation revealed a 5-cm firm round mass in the urinary bladder. Cystoscopy and transrectal ultrasonography confirmed the diagnosis of urinary bladder urolithiasis.

Use of a barbed suture for laparoscopic closure of the internal inguinal rings in a horse.

Case Description: A 4-year-old castrated Arabian horse was evaluated for a history of a right-sided nonstrangulating inguinal hernia that was manually reducable.

Clinical Findings: Physical examination revealed a right-sided hydrocele and bilateral enlargement of the inguinal rings detectable by both external digital and rectal palpation.

Treatment And Outcome: Biportal laparoscopic internal inguinal ring closure was performed with a continuous suture line of unidirectional barbed suture applied with a mechanical suturing instrument.

Comparison of thoracic and abdominal cavity volumes during abdominal CO2 insufflation and abdominal wall lift.

Objective: To compare thoracic and abdominal cavity volumes during abdominal CO2 insufflation and abdominal wall lift (AWL) conditions.

Study Design: In vitro cadaveric study.

Animals: Mature medium-to-large breed fresh canine cadavers (n = 6).