Predicting RNA Structure and Dynamics with Deep Learning and Solution Scattering.

Advanced deep learning and statistical methods can predict structural models for RNA molecules. However, RNAs are flexible, and it remains difficult to describe their macromolecular conformations in solutions where varying conditions can induce conformational changes. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in solution is an efficient technique to validate structural predictions by comparing the experimental SAXS profile with those calculated from predicted structures.

Predicting RNA structure and dynamics with deep learning and solution scattering.

Advanced deep learning and statistical methods can predict structural models for RNA molecules. However, RNAs are flexible, and it remains difficult to describe their macromolecular conformations in solutions where varying conditions can induce conformational changes. Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) in solution is an efficient technique to validate structural predictions by comparing the experimental SAXS profile with those calculated from predicted structures.

Exploring Transportation Challenges and Opportunities for Mobility-Vulnerable Populations Through the Social-Ecological Model.

Community mobility is a vital activity of daily living. Mobility-vulnerable populations-individuals with incomes below the federal poverty threshold, minorities, individuals with disabilities, and older adults-face transit disparities. Advanced technologies (e.

Integrating federated learning for improved counterfactual explanations in clinical decision support systems for sepsis therapy.

In recent years, we have witnessed both artificial intelligence obtaining remarkable results in clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) improving the interpretability of these models. In turn, this fosters the adoption by medical personnel and improves trustworthiness of CDSSs. Among others, counterfactual explanations prove to be one such XAI technique particularly suitable for the healthcare domain due to its ease of interpretation, even for less technically proficient staff.

A Randomized Controlled Trial on Automated Vehicle Technologies for Drivers With Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) negatively affects driver fitness. Few studies document the benefits of in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) and advanced-driver assistance systems (ADAS), the focus of this study, for drivers with PD. This study quantified the impact of IVIS and ADAS on the number of on-road driving errors.

Measuring perceived utility of genomic sequencing: Development and validation of the GENEtic Utility (GENE-U) scale for adult screening.

Purpose: As population-based screening programs to identify genetic conditions in adults using genomic sequencing (GS) are increasingly available, validated patient-centered outcome measures are needed to understand participants' experience. We aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess the perceived utility of GS in the context of adult screening.

Methods: Informed by a 5-domain conceptual model, we used a 5-step approach to instrument development and validation: (1) item writing, (2) cognitive testing, (3) pilot testing and item reduction, (4) psychometric testing, and (5) evaluation of construct validity.

Measuring perceived utility of genomic sequencing: Development and validation of the GENEtic Utility (GENE-U) scale for pediatric diagnostic testing.

Purpose: Measuring the effects of genomic sequencing (GS) on patients and families is critical for translational research. We aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess parents' perceived utility of pediatric diagnostic GS.

Methods: Informed by a 5-domain conceptual model, the study comprised 5 steps: (1) item writing, (2) cognitive testing, (3) pilot testing and item reduction, (4) psychometric testing, and (5) evaluation of construct validity.

USP7 Deregulation Impairs S Phase Specific DNA Repair after Irradiation in Breast Cancer Cells.

The ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinating enzyme with numerous substrates. Aberrant expression of USP7 is associated with tumor progression. This study aims to investigate how a deregulated USP7 expression affects chromosomal instability and prognosis of breast cancer patients in silico and radiosensitivity and DNA repair in breast cancer cells in vitro.

Modeling temperature-dependent life-cycle toxicity of thiamethoxam in Chironomus riparius using a DEB-TKTD model.

The neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam (TMX) is widely used to protect crops against insect pests. Despite some desirable properties such as its low toxicity to birds and mammals, concerns have been raised about its toxicity to non-target arthropods, including freshwater insects like chironomids. Whereas multiple studies have investigated chronic effects of neonicotinoids in chironomid larvae at standardized laboratory conditions, a better understanding of their chronic toxicity under variable temperatures and exposure is needed for coherent extrapolation from the laboratory to the field.

Automated Vehicles: Future Initiatives for Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Driver Rehabilitation Specialists.

This article addresses a critically important topic for the occupational therapy (OT) profession and driver rehabilitation specialists (DRS), related to the introduction and deployment of personal and public automated vehicles (AVs); and discusses the current and corresponding changing roles for these professionals. Within this commentary, we provide an overview of the relevant literature on AV regulations, policy, and legislation in North America, the various levels of AV technology, and inclusive and universal design principles to consider in AV deployment for people with disabilities. The role of the OT practitioner and DRS is described within the context of the person-environment-occupation-performance model, and within the guidelines of the Association for Driver Rehabilitation Specialists and the American Occupational Therapy Association.

A 14-Day Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Crossover Intervention Study with Anti-Bacterial Benzyl Isothiocyanate from Nasturtium () on Human Gut Microbiome and Host Defense.

Despite substantial heterogeneity of studies, there is evidence that antibiotics commonly used in primary care influence the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota in terms of changing their composition and/or diversity. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) from the food and medicinal plant nasturtium () is known for its antimicrobial activity and is used for the treatment of infections of the draining urinary tract and upper respiratory tract. Against this background, we raised the question of whether a 14 d nasturtium intervention (3 g daily, N = 30 healthy females) could also impact the normal gut microbiota composition.

Does in-vehicle automation help individuals with Parkinson's disease? A preliminary analysis.

Introduction: PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects, according to the ICF, body systems (cognitive, visual, and motor), and functions (e.g., decreased executive functions, decreased visual acuity, impaired contrast sensitivity, decreased coordination)-all which impact driving performance, an instrumental activity of daily living in the domain of "Activity" and "Participation" according to the ICF.

A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial of nasturtium () on the lipid regulator prostaglandin E.

Scope: As prostaglandin E2 (PGE) has important roles in physiological and inflammatory functions, a double-blind randomized controlled crossover study to investigate the potential of nasturtium () for modulating PGE was conducted, aiming at clarifying the role of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC). As secondary parameters leukotriene 4 (LTB), and cytokine release (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α; interleukins IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12) were quantified.

Methods And Results: Thirty-four healthy female participants consumed 1.

Crosstalk between immune checkpoint and DNA damage response inhibitors for radiosensitization of tumors.

Purpose: This review article is intended to provide a perspective overview of potential strategies to overcome radiation resistance of tumors through the combined use of immune checkpoint and DNA repair inhibitors.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed using the terms ("DNA repair* and DNA damage response* and intracellular immune response* and immune checkpoint inhibition* and radio*") until January 31, 2023. Articles were manually selected based on their relevance to the topics analyzed.

Perceptions of Autonomous Shuttles for Adults With Spinal Cord Injuries.

Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) have challenges using transportation. Autonomous shuttles (ASs), if accessible, may support their transportation needs. This study quantified the perceptions of AS for adults with and without SCI, before and after riding in the AS.

An Examination of Two Diverse Communities: Residents' Transportation Behaviors, Challenges, and Opportunities.

The Smart Cities Collaborative aims to mitigate transportation challenges and inequities with new approaches and technologies (e.g., ridesharing).

Public mental health during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Opportunities for intervention emotional self-efficacy and resilience.

Importance: During the pandemic, the number of United States adults reporting clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression sky-rocketed, up from 11% in 2020 to more than 40% in 2021. Our current mental healthcare system cannot adequately accommodate the current crisis; it is therefore important to identify opportunities for public mental health interventions.

Objective: Assess whether modifiable emotional factors may offer a point of intervention for the mental health crisis.

Visualizing and accessing correlated SAXS data sets with Similarity Maps and Simple Scattering web resources.

Constructing a comprehensive understanding of macromolecular behavior from a set of correlated small angle scattering (SAS) data is aided by tools that analyze all scattering curves together. SAS experiments on biological systems can be performed on specimens that are more easily prepared, modified, and formatted relative to those of most other techniques. An X-ray SAS measurement (SAXS) can be performed in less than a milli-second in-line with treatment steps such as purification or exposure to modifiers.

Feasibility of automated in-vehicle technologies on volunteers' driving performance.

Background: Automated in-vehicle technologies, specifically in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), are increasingly common in today's cars. Previous studies illustrate benefits of using IVIS and ADAS to improve safety, convenience, and comfort in healthy older drivers. However, research is sparse on the feasibility of such technologies for medically at-risk drivers, such as those with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Simulated Driving Errors: Indicators of Real-World Driving Events in Returning Combat Veterans.

Motor vehicle crashes is a leading cause of death for Veterans. We quantified the efficacy of an Occupational Therapy Driving Intervention (OT-DI) and a Traffic Safety Education (TSE) intervention on real-world driving in combat Veterans. Via a randomized trial, we assessed 42 Veterans' fitness-to-drive abilities using a CDS-250 driving simulator and driving records, to determine differences in simulated driving and real-world events pre- and post-interventions.

Partial Reduction in Gene Dose Modulates DNA Replication Stress Level and Thereby Contributes to Sensitivity or Resistance.

is a well-known breast cancer risk gene, involved in DNA damage repair via homologous recombination (HR) and replication fork protection. Therapy resistance was linked to loss and amplification of the gene causing inferior survival of breast cancer patients. Most studies have focused on the analysis of complete loss or mutations in functional domains of .

Physiological Dependency Explains Temperature Differences in Sensitivity Towards Chemical Exposure.

In chemical risk assessment, extrapolations from laboratory tests to more realistic conditions are essential to address the toxic effects of pesticides on individuals and populations under field conditions. To transfer toxicological laboratory tests to differing temperature conditions, or outdoor field scenarios, the consideration of temperature dependence is essential and increases realism. Special consideration is given to the impact of temperature on direct sensitivity of organisms to pesticides, for which there are only few modelling approaches available so far.

RCT protocol for driving performance in people with Parkinson's using autonomous in-vehicle technologies.

Introduction: Driving is an essential facilitator of independence, community participation, and quality of life. Drivers with Parkinson's Disease (PD) make more driving errors and fail on-road evaluations more than healthy controls. In-vehicle technologies may mitigate PD-related driving impairments and associated driving errors.

Coordinated Health in Texas Elementary Schools' Campus Improvement Plans: Analysis of Regional Differences and Trends between 2016 and 2020.

Schools signal health priorities through policies. Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we compare the presence and strength of policies related to four topics-physical activity, nutrition, mental health, and bullying-described in elementary school Campus Improvement Plans (CIPs; also called school improvement plans) within Texas, across four Texas Public Health Regions (PHRs), and between 2016 and 2020. CIPs were collected using a multi-stage probability-based survey approach, scored using an adapted WellSAT tool, and analyzed to determine associations between PHR or year and health topic.