Evaluating a Virtual Community-of-Practice as Implementation Strategy for the Needs Assessment Framework in Intellectual Disability Care: A Quasi-Experimental Multi-Methods Study.

Background: The Needs Assessment Framework (NAF) stimulates awareness of care staff to consider perspectives of clients with intellectual disabilities in decisions on involuntary care. We explored the effect of implementers' participation in a Virtual Community-of-Practice (VCoP) for designing implementation plans, on NAF implementation and staff awareness.

Method: A quasi-experimental design was used to compare implementation and awareness by care staff (n = 54) between organisations that implemented NAF with VCoP participation (N = 4) and organisations that implemented NAF as usual (N = 3).

Communities of practice for implementing methods to reduce involuntary care in intellectual disability care: Insights from tacit and experiential knowledge exchange.

Background: Intellectual disability organisations in the Netherlands are seeking to improve clients' quality of care by implementing methods that reduce involuntary care. This study described insights gained from sharing tacit and experiential implementation knowledge in Communities of Practice (CoP).

Method: In a participatory research, managers, policymakers, experts-by-experience, support staff, and researchers participated in two CoP.

Implementing the Multi-Disciplinary Expertise Team method to reduce involuntary care in intellectual disability care: multi-methods study evaluating adaptation and effectiveness.

Involuntary care in intellectual disability care may be reduced by deployment of multidisciplinary consultation. The Multi-Disciplinary Expertise Team (MDET) method proved effective in a previous trial on increasing involuntary care reduction. The current study aimed to examine how four organizations adapted MDET during implementation, and tested whether these versions were also effective.

Participating in the digital world: a consensus statement on digital social contact for people with disabilities living in sheltered care facility homes.

Introduction: Digital social contact is increasingly being used, which accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the consensus among stakeholders regarding recommendations for the use and facilitation of digital social contact for people with intellectual disabilities living in sheltered care facility homes.

Methods: This consensus statement was developed in three consecutive rounds of questionnaires (rapid online modified Delphi design).

Reducing restrictive measures in complex long-term care for people with intellectual disabilities: Implementation interventions through the lens of normalisation process theory.

Background: The multi-disciplinarity of long-term care for people with intellectual disabilities makes organisations seek stability and predictability, complicating implementing innovations. Interventions to implement a method for reducing restrictive measures were analysed through the lens of Normalisation Process Theory to understand the social mechanisms at play.

Methods: Process notes, collected during a trial in which a method to reduce restrictive measures was implemented, were analysed guided by implementation interventions defined by Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group.

Quality of Mother-child Dialogue About Emotional Events, Coping and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Children Exposed to Interpersonal Trauma.

Children exposed to traumatic events are at increased risk for developing symptoms of a Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Children often discuss emotional, and therefore also traumatic, events in their lives with their parents, and the quality of these discussions can facilitate coping and further development. The study aim was 1) to explore whether the association between the quality of dialogue between mothers and children about emotional events and children's posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) might be indirectly linked through children's adaptive coping skills, and 2) whether this association differed when discussing different negative emotions.

Exploring restrictive measures using action research: A participative observational study by nursing staff in nursing homes.

Aim: In nursing homes, nursing staff have a key role in the use of restrictive measures. However, their active role in reducing restrictive measures has so far been limited. The aim of this study is to explore how and when the application of restrictive measures in nursing homes occurs including underlying factors, together with nursing staff.

Trauma Exposure in Relation to the Content of Mother-Child Emotional Conversations and Quality of Interaction.

Parent-child conversations contribute to understanding and regulating children's emotions. Similarities and differences in discussed topics, quality of interaction and coherence/elaboration in mother-child conversations about emotional experiences of the child were studied in dyads who had been exposed to interpersonal trauma (N = 213) and non-trauma-exposed dyads (N = 86). Results showed that in conversations about negative emotions, trauma-exposed children more often discussed trauma topics and focused less on relationship topics than non-trauma-exposed children.

Talking About Feelings: Mother-Child Emotion Dialogues Among Sexually Abused Children.

Mother-child dialogues about children's emotional experiences are associated with children's adaptive coping with stressful situations and mental health. Despite these findings, dialogues have not been examined yet in the context of child sexual abuse. This gap is surprising given that mother-child dialogues may particularly promote children's recovery from traumatic events.

I'll Never Forgive You: High Conflict Divorce, Social Network, and Co-Parenting Conflicts.

The relation between divorce, co-parenting conflicts, and children's adjustment problems has been well established. An unresolved question for research and clinical interventions, however, is how conflicts between parents are maintained and/or escalate. This cross-sectional research tested the hypothesis that co-parenting conflicts in divorced couples are associated with perceived social network disapproval and that this relation is mediated by parents' tendency to forgive each other.

Interparental Violence and the Mediating Role of Parental Availability in Children's Trauma Related Symptoms.

This cross-sectional study examined the hypothesis that parental psychopathology in Interparental Violence (IPV) families crosses over to children, because parental psychopathology spills over to parental functioning. In a high-risk sample of IPV exposed families, we tested whether parental psychopathology spills over to parental availability, which, in turn, shows a crossover effect to children's trauma-related symptoms. The study population consisted of 78 IPV exposed children (4-12 years), and their 65 custodial parents referred to outpatient Children's Trauma Centers in the Netherlands for intervention.

Family Functioning and Children's Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in a Referred Sample Exposed to Interparental Violence.

This study examined the association between interparental violence (IPV), child abuse and neglect, other traumatic experiences, and children's post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and explored the moderating role of family functioning in the aftermath of IPV. One hundred and twenty IPV-exposed children (53.3 % male, age = 9.

The effects of parental components in a trauma-focused cognitive behavioral based therapy for children exposed to interparental violence: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Interparental violence is both common and harmful and impacts children's lives directly and indirectly. Direct effects refer to affective, behavioral, and cognitive responses to interparental violence and psychosocial adjustment. Indirect effects refer to deteriorated parental availability and parent-child interaction.

The mediating role of secrecy in the development of psychopathology in sexually abused children.

Although child sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with psychopathology, limited research examined mechanisms through which CSA leads to psychopathology in children. It is generally assumed that CSA is associated with secrecy among children, to our knowledge this assumption has not yet been empirically tested. This gap in our understanding of the aftermath of CSA is surprising in light of abundant evidence linking secrecy to psychopathology among children.

Mediators and Treatment Factors in Intervention for Children Exposed to Interparental Violence.

Changes in children's emotion differentiation, coping skills, parenting stress, parental psychopathology, and parent-child interaction were explored as mediators of treatment factors in two selective preventive group interventions for children exposed to interparental violence (IPV) and their parents. One hundred thirty-four IPV-exposed children (ages 6-12 years, 52% boys) and their parents were randomized to an IPV-focused or common factors community-based group intervention and completed baseline, posttest, and follow-up assessments for posttraumatic stress (PTS). A multilevel model tested mediators that included children's ability to differentiate emotions and coping skills, parenting stress, parental psychopathology, and parent-child interactions.

Risk factors as moderators of recovery during and after interventions for children exposed to interparental violence.

High family risk was tested as an impediment to recovery in children exposed to interparental violence (IPV) participating in community-based intervention. Characteristics of IPV were also explored as moderators for the effect of an IPV-focused intervention over a common factors intervention. Baseline, posttest and follow-up measurements of 155 parents and children (aged 6 to 12 years; 55.

Screening symptoms of reactive attachment disorder: evidence for measurement invariance and convergent validity.

The Relationship Problems Questionnaire (RPQ) was developed to screen symptoms of the inhibited and disinhibited subtype of reactive attachment disorder (RAD). This study further examines the psychometric properties of the RPQ in children with severe emotional and behavioural problems by testing its measurement invariance across informants and its convergent validity. Parents and teachers of 152 children [mean age (Mage) = 7.

Effectiveness of specific factors in community-based intervention for child-witnesses of interparental violence: a randomized trial.

A community-based intervention with specific factors for children and parents exposed to interparental violence (IPV) was compared with a control intervention based on non-specific factors. We hypothesized that participation in an intervention with specific factors, focused on IPV, parenting and coping, would be associated with better recovery. IPV exposed children and parents were group randomized over a specific factors- and control intervention.

Temperament, disordered attachment, and parental sensitivity in foster care: differential findings on attachment security for shy children.

In a foster care sample, the moderating effect of temperamental shyness on the association between parental sensitivity and attachment quality was tested. The foster parents of 59 foster children (age M = 57 months, SD = 16.4) filled out the Child Behavior Questionnaire.

Children's physical health complaints after exposure to intimate partner violence.

Objectives: A clear association between exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and children's physical health is still not well determined, because adverse effects might be explained by the confounding detrimental effects of other traumatic experiences. This study investigated whether children exposed to IPV have higher risks for physical health complaints compared to children in a general population sample. Second, health complaint differences were explored between IPV witnesses and those who in addition experienced other forms of abuse or neglect.

The effectiveness of a trauma-focused psycho-educational secondary prevention program for children exposed to interparental violence: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Children who witness interparental violence are at a heightened risk for developing psychosocial, behavioral and cognitive problems, as well as posttraumatic stress symptoms. For these children the psycho-educational secondary prevention program 'En nu ik..

Attachment behaviour towards support staff in young people with intellectual disabilities: associations with challenging behaviour.

Background: Attachment research has shown the importance of attachment behaviour for the prevention of dysregulated behaviour due to emotional distress. The support of an attachment figure may be especially important for people with intellectual disability (ID), because they are less adept in dealing with stressful situations on their own. Our purpose was to examine the role of support staff as targets of attachment behaviour for young people with ID by testing the hypothesis that young people who more often engage in attachment interactions with group care staff are less at risk for challenging behaviours.

Autonomic reactivity in relation to attachment and early adversity among foster children.

This study examined whether the quality of relationships with foster caregivers was associated with autonomic nervous system reactivity of children during separation and reunion with their foster caregiver. Moreover, effects of early adversity were examined in relation to attachment and autonomic nervous system reactivity. The sample included 60 children between 26 and 88 months of age, who participated with their primary foster caregivers in the Strange Situation.

Professional caretakers as attachment figures in day care centers for children with intellectual disability and behavior problems.

Do children with intellectual disabilities (ID) show attachment behavior towards their professional caretaker? Five children, varying in chronological age, developmental age and DSM-diagnosis, were observed in a day care setting. Their attachment behavior was described by means of the Attachment Q-sort. Attachment behavior varied within and between children, irrespective of their diagnosis.