Diastereoselective β-hydroxy vinylsulfone isomerizations.

Vinylic phenylsulfones containing a β-hydroxyl stereocenter undergo a diastereoselective isomerization to the corresponding allylic isomer upon treatment with 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU).

Serological insights from SARS-CoV-2 heterologous prime and boost responses in Thailand.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, heterologous vaccination strategies were employed to alleviate the strain on vaccine supplies. The Thailand Ministry of Health adopted these strategies using vector, inactivated, and mRNA vaccines. However, this approach has introduced challenges for SARS-CoV-2 sero-epidemiology studies.

Dissemination of arr-2 and arr-3 is associated with class 1 integrons in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Portugal.

\nKlebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen of healthcare-associated infections expressing a plethora of antimicrobial resistance loci, including ADP-ribosyltransferase coding genes (arr), able to mediate rifampicin resistance. The latter has activity against a broad range of microorganisms by inhibiting DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. This study aims to characterise the arr distribution and genetic context in 138 clinical isolates of K.

Myocardial Fibroblast Activation After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Study.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis is a key healing response after myocardial infarction driven by activated fibroblasts. Gallium-68-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ([Ga]-FAPI) is a novel positron-emitting radiotracer that binds activated fibroblasts.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the intensity, distribution, and time-course of fibroblast activation after acute myocardial infarction.

Longitudinal Immunological Analysis of Portuguese Healthcare Workers Across the COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals Differences in the Humoral Immune Response to Vaccines.

A vaccination programme against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was initiated in Portugal in December 2020. In this study, we report the findings of a prospective cohort study implemented with the objective of monitoring antibody production in response to COVID-19 vaccination. The humoral immune response to vaccination was followed up using blood samples collected from 191 healthcare workers.

Gametocyte production and transmission fitness of African and Asian isolates with differential susceptibility to artemisinins.

The emergence of parasites partially resistant to artemisinins (ART-R) poses a significant threat to recent gains in malaria control. ART-R has been associated with PfKelch13 (K13) mutations, which differ in fitness costs. This study investigates the gametocyte production and transmission fitness of African and Asian isolates with different K13 genotypes across multiple mosquito species.

FAIRSCAPE: An Evolving AI-readiness Framework for Biomedical Research.

Motivation: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications require explainability (XAI) for FAIR, ethical deployment, whether in the clinic or in the laboratory. Richly descriptive XAI metadata representing how pre-model data were obtained, characterized, transformed, and distributed, should be available along with the data prior to training and application of AI models.

Results: The FAIRSCAPE framework generates, packages, and integrates critical pre-model XAI descriptive metadata, including deep provenance graphs and data dictionaries with feature validation on uploaded data, software, and computations, with special reference to biomedical datasets.

Application of a targeted amplicon sequencing panel to screen for insecticide resistance mutations in Anopheles darlingi populations from Brazil.

Large-scale surveillance and informed vector control approaches are urgently needed to ensure that national malaria programs remain effective in reducing transmission and, ultimately, achieving malaria elimination targets. In South America, Anopheles darlingi is the primary malaria vector and is responsible for the majority of Plasmodium species transmission. However, little is known about the molecular markers associated with insecticide resistance in this species.

The effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin treatment for sialorrhea due to severe brain injury.

Introduction: Sialorrhea may be a consequence of severe acquired brain injury (ABI). Salivary gland botulinum neurotoxin (SG-BoNT) injections can reduce saliva production, but there is limited evidence for their use in ABI.We reviewed the effectiveness, impact on chest infection frequency, and safety of SG-BoNT for sialorrhea in a cohort of patients with severe ABI.

Genome sequencing of Plasmodium malariae identifies continental segregation and mutations associated with reduced pyrimethamine susceptibility.

Plasmodium malariae parasites are widely observed across the tropics and sub-tropics. This slow-growing species, known to maintain chronic asymptomatic infections, has been associated with reduced antimalarial susceptibility. We analyse 251 P.

Genomic analysis of global Plasmodium vivax populations reveals insights into the evolution of drug resistance.

Increasing reports of chloroquine resistance (CQR) in Plasmodium vivax endemic regions have led to several countries, including Indonesia, to adopt dihydroarteminsin-piperaquine instead. However, the molecular drivers of CQR remain unclear. Using a genome-wide approach, we perform a genomic analysis of 1534 P.

Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation induces stochastic resonance in vestibular perceptual thresholds assessed efficiently using confidence reports.

In sensory perception, stochastic resonance (SR) refers to the application of noise to enhance information transfer, allowing for the sensing of lower-level stimuli. Previously, subjective-assessments identified SR in vestibular perceptual thresholds, assessed using a standard two alternative (i.e.

European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESGE) Good Practice Recommendations on surgical techniques for Removal of Fibroids: Part 2 Hysteroscopic Myomectomy.

Submucosal uterine fibroids are the rarest type of fibroids. They can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding and may play a role in infertility and miscarriage. Hysteroscopic myomectomy is the preferred treatment to relieve bleeding caused by these fibroids and to restore the normal structure of the uterine cavity.

Dulce Digital-Me: results of a randomized comparative trial of static versus adaptive digital interventions for Latine adults with diabetes.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a static, text-based diabetes education and support intervention (Dulce Digital, DD) versus a dynamic approach with personalized feedback and goal setting (Dulce Digital-Me, DD-Me) in improving diabetes outcomes.

Design And Methods: Comparative effectiveness trial in 310 Latine adults with poorly managed type 2 diabetes in a Federally Qualified Health Center in Southern California, randomized to DD, DD-Me-Auto (algorithm-driven text-based personalized feedback), or DD-Me-Tel (coach delivered personalized feedback). Changes in HbA1c (primary outcome), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and patient-reported outcomes were examined across 6 and 12 months, with the primary comparison being DD versus DD-Me (combined automated and telephonic).

Pathobiont-driven antibody sialylation through IL-10 undermines vaccination.

The pathobiont Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) induces nonprotective antibody imprints that underlie ineffective staphylococcal vaccination. However, the mechanism by which Sa modifies antibody activity is not clear. Herein, we demonstrate that IL-10 is the decisive factor that abrogates antibody protection in mice.

TGV: suite of tools to visualize transmission graphs.

Graph structures are often used to visualize transmission networks generated using genomic epidemiological methods. However, tools to interactively visualize these graphs do not exist. A browser-based tool allowing users to load and interactively visualize transmission graphs was developed in JavaScript.

Defining within-host SARS-CoV-2 RNA viral load kinetics during acute COVID-19 infection within different respiratory compartments and their respective associations with host infectiousness: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Understanding how RNA viral load changes (viral load kinetics) during acute infection in SARS-CoV-2 can help to identify when and which patients are most infectious. We seek to summarise existing data on the longitudinal RNA viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 sampled from different parts of the respiratory tract (nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx, saliva and exhaled breath) and how this may vary with age, sex, ethnicity, immune status, disease severity, vaccination, treatment and virus variant.

Methods And Analysis: We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis, using studies identified through MEDLINE and EMBASE (via Ovid).

Development of vegetative oil sorghum: From lab-to-field.

Biomass crops engineered to accumulate energy-dense triacylglycerols (TAG or 'vegetable oils') in their vegetative tissues have emerged as potential feedstocks to meet the growing demand for renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Unlike oil palm and oilseed crops, the current commercial sources of TAG, vegetative tissues, such as leaves and stems, only transiently accumulate TAG. In this report, we used grain (Texas430 or TX430) and sugar-accumulating 'sweet' (Ramada) genotypes of sorghum, a high-yielding, environmentally resilient biomass crop, to accumulate TAG in leaves and stems.

Extraordinary diversity of the CD28/CTLA4 family across jawed vertebrates.

Members of the CD28 family are critical for the control of immune cell activation. While CD28 and CTLA4 were previously identified in teleost fish, most members of the CD28 family have been described only in tetrapods. Using a comparative genomics approach, we found (co)orthologs of all members of the CD28 family both in Chondrichthyes and basal Osteichthyes groups, but not in Agnathans.

A PERTURBATION CELL ATLAS OF HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS.

Towards comprehensively investigating the genotype-phenotype relationships governing the human pluripotent stem cell state, we generated an expressed genome-scale CRISPRi Perturbation Cell Atlas in KOLF2.1J human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) mapping transcriptional and fitness phenotypes associated with 11,739 targeted genes. Using the transcriptional phenotypes, we created a minimum distortion embedding map of the pluripotent state, demonstrating rich recapitulation of protein complexes, such as strong co-clustering of MRPL, BAF, SAGA, and Ragulator family members.