Service and clinical impacts of reader bias in breast cancer screening: a retrospective study.

Objectives: To determine factors influencing reader agreement in breast screening and investigate the relationship between agreement level and patient outcomes.

Methods: Reader pair agreement for 83 265 sets of mammograms from the Scottish Breast Screening service (2015-2020) was evaluated using Cohen's kappa statistic. Each mammography examination was read by two readers, per routine screening practice, with the second initially blinded but able to choose to view the first reader's opinion.

Impact of Different Mammography Systems on Artificial Intelligence Performance in Breast Cancer Screening.

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools may assist breast screening mammography programs, but limited evidence supports their generalizability to new settings. This retrospective study used a 3-year dataset (April 1, 2016-March 31, 2019) from a U.K.

AI in breast screening mammography: breast screening readers' perspectives.

Objectives: This study surveyed the views of breast screening readers in the UK on how to incorporate Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology into breast screening mammography.

Methods: An online questionnaire was circulated to the UK breast screening readers. Questions included their degree of approval of four AI implementation scenarios: AI as triage, AI as a companion reader/reader aid, AI replacing one of the initial two readers, and AI replacing all readers.

Motion During Acquisition is Associated With fMRI Brain Entropy.

Measures of fMRI brain entropy have been used to investigate age and disease related neural changes. However, it is unclear if movement in the scanner is associated with brain entropy after geometric correction for movement. As age and disease can affect motor control, quantifying and correcting for the influence of movement will avoid false findings.

Klotho gene polymorphism, brain structure and cognition in early-life development.

Variation in the klotho gene is linked to differences in health outcomes: klotho allele KL-VS heterozygosity is associated with longevity, better cognition and greater right frontal grey matter volume in late life. Contradicting reports, however, suggest that KL-VS's effect on health might be age-dependent. Here we examine the relationship between KL-VS genotype, cognition and brain structure in childhood and adolescence.

Klotho, APOEε4, cognitive ability, brain size, atrophy, and survival: a study in the Aberdeen Birth Cohort of 1936.

A single copy of klotho allele KL-VS is associated with longevity, better health, increased cognition, and bigger regional brain volume. However, its longitudinal effects on cognition and brain volumes, both global and regional, in late life are unclear. In this study we show that, relative to noncarriers, KL-VS heterozygotes had (1) shorter survival; (2) smaller white matter volumes; (3) slower cognitive decline; and (4) greater right frontal lobe volumes.