Oral microbiota: Taxonomic composition and functional profile in caries-free and in caries-affected individuals - A systematic review.

Objective: To compare the oral microbiota among caries-free (CF) with caries-affected (CA) individuals, both at taxonomic and at functional levels.

Design: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A structured search was carried out in MEDLINE/PUBMED, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus and Google Scholar databases up to September, 2023.

Biofilm dysbiosis and caries activity: a surface or an individual issue?

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the functional profile of supragingival biofilm from sound (CAs), active (CAa), and inactive (CAi) enamel caries lesions from caries-active individuals to provide insights into the diversity of biological processes regarding biofilm dysbiosis.

Methodology: A metatranscriptome analysis was performed in biofilm samples collected from five caries-active individuals. Total RNA was extracted, and the microbial cDNAs were obtained and sequenced (Illumina HiSeq3000).

Hub genes and pathways related to caries-free dental biofilm: clinical metatranscriptomic study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the microbial functional profile of biofilms related to caries-free (CF, n = 6) and caries-arrested (CI, n = 3) compared to caries-active (CA, n = 5) individuals.

Materials And Methods: A metatranscriptomic was performed in supragingival biofilm from different clinical conditions related to caries or health. Total RNA was extracted and cDNAs were obtained and sequenced (Illumina HiSeq3000).

Acid tolerance of Lactobacillus spp. on root carious lesions: A complex and multifaceted response.

Unlabelled: Lactobacillus spp. are acidogenic and aciduric bacteria and are among the main cariogenic microorganisms associated with the carious process.

Objective: This study aimed to identify genes involved in the acid-tolerance of Lactobacillus spp.

Chapter 5.2: Oral Microbial Biofilms.

Bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, viruses, and bacteriophages colonize the oral cavity and, in combination, they form the oral microbiome. The coexistence of different microorganisms and the microbial balance at each specific site are warranted by synergistic and antagonist interactions among members of the microbial communities. This microbiological balance suppresses the growth of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, generally keeping them at low abundance in the colonized sites.

Streptococcus mutans Gene Expression and Functional Profile in Root Caries: An RNA-Seq Study.

The literature is still scarce on studies describing Streptococcus mutans global gene expression under clinical conditions such as those found on complex biofilms from sound root surfaces (SRS) and carious root surfaces (RC). This study aimed to investigate the S. mutans gene expression and functional profile within the metatranscriptome of biofilms from SRS and from RC in an attempt to identify enriched functional signatures potentially associated with the healthy-to-disease transitioning process.

Functionally Active Microbiome in Supragingival Biofilms in Health and Caries.

The oral microbiome is unique at inter and intra-individual levels at various sites due to physical and biological factors. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition of supragingival biofilms collected from enamel sites with different caries activity, from active and inactive-caries subjects, and from caries-free (CF) subjects. Twenty-two individuals (aged between 13 and 76 years old; med = 23.

Characterization of Lactobacilli isolated from carious dentin after selective caries removal and cavity sealing.

Objective: To characterize lactobacilli isolated from residual carious dentin after selective caries removal (SCR), by observing the changes detected in their prevalence, diversity, and cariogenic potential after starvation stress caused by cavity sealing (CS).

Design: Lactobacilli were cultured from carious dentin lesions (n = 16 patients) treated in a clinical trial, three months before and after CS. Presumptive lactobacilli were selected, isolated, and analyzed by Gram staining.

Gene expression profile of Scardovia spp. in the metatranscriptome of root caries.

A few investigations of caries biofilms have identified Scardovia spp.; however, little is known about its involvement in caries pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess the gene expression profile of Scardovia spp.

The role of Candida albicans in root caries biofilms: an RNA-seq analysis.

Objective This study sought to analyze the gene expression of Candida albicans in sound root surface and root caries lesions, exploring its role in root caries pathogenesis. Methodology The differential gene expression of C. albicans and the specific genes related to cariogenic traits were studied in association with samples of biofilm collected from exposed sound root surface (SRS, n=10) and from biofilm and carious dentin of active root carious lesions (RC, n=9).

Genotypic diversity and acidogenicity of Streptococcus mutans in Down syndrome children.

Aims: To evaluate the genotypic diversity and acidogenicity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and the potential association of these factors with dental caries experience in children with DS compared to non-DS children (controls).

Methods And Results: Seventeen children (age 6-12 years) with high salivary S.

Microbial Load After Selective and Complete Caries Removal in Permanent Molars: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the remaining microbial load after treatments based on complete and selective caries removal and sealing. Patients with active carious lesions in a permanent molar were randomly allocated into 2 groups: a test group (selective caries removal-SCR; n=18) and a control group (complete caries removal - CCR; n=18). Dentin samples were collected following the excavation and three months after sealing.

Effect of human, dentin, albumin and lipopolysaccharide on the antibacteerial activity of endodontic activity of endodontic irrigants.

Context: Human dentin powder (HD), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and endotoxin (LPS) may affect the antimicrobial activity of irrigating solutions.

Aim: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of HD powder, BSA, and LPS on the antibacterial activity of 0.5%, 1%, 2.

Gene expression of bacterial collagenolytic proteases in root caries.

It is unknown whether bacteria play a role in the collagen matrix degradation that occurs during caries progression. Our aim was to characterize the expression level of genes involved in bacterial collagenolytic proteases in root biofilms with and without caries. we collected samples from active cavitated root caries lesions (RC, n = 30) and from sound root surfaces (SRS, n = 10).

Specificities of Caries on Root Surface.

Variations in organic and inorganic composition and morphology may determine different susceptibilities of root surfaces to caries. Subsequent to gingival recession, root surfaces become exposed and those areas where Sharpey's fibers system was once inserted into the cementum are converted into canals for microbial penetration. In the presence of a cariogenic root biofilm, the fermentable carbohydrate from diet is converted into organic acid, and the root caries lesion is initiated in the exposed root site.

Methacrylate-based root canal sealer containing chlorexidine and α-tricalcium phosphate.

The aim of this study was to develop and to characterize a methacrylate-based root canal sealer containing chlorhexidine (CHX) and α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP). Experimental dual cure methacrylate-based sealer was produced containing 0, 2.5, or 5 wt% of CHX and 0, 25, or 50 wt% of α-TCP.

Dental caries and associated factors in twins with Down syndrome: a case report.

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder in humans, but its incidence in monozygotic twins is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with dental caries in a pair of monozygotic twin girls with DS, where one had caries experience and the other did not. Clinical examination, salivary Streptococcus mutans (S.

Actinomyces spp. gene expression in root caries lesions.

Background: The studies of the distribution of Actinomyces spp. on carious and non-carious root surfaces have not been able to confirm the association of these bacteria with root caries, although they were extensively implicated as a prime suspect in root caries.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the gene expression of Actinomyces spp.

Confocal microscopy evaluation of the effect of irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: An in vitro study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of two endodontic irrigants and their association against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Twenty-four bovine incisors were inoculated in a monoculture of E.

Evaluation of the Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm on the 2% Chlorhexidine Substantivity: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to correlate the bacterial viability and the presence of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution on dentin by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography for 48 hours, 7 days, and 30 days.

Methods: One hundred twenty-three extracted human teeth were used. Samples were divided into 4 groups according to the solution (CHX or saline) and the presence of Enterococus faecalis biofilm.

Saliva, supragingival biofilm and root canals can harbor gene associated with resistance to lactamic agents.

This study aimed to determine the presence of Prevotella strains and genes associated with resistance to lactamics in different oral niches from patients with/without primary endodontic infections. Saliva (S) and supragingival biofilm (SB) were collected from three patient groups: Group I - no endodontic infection (n = 15); Group II - acute endodontic infection (n = 12); and Group III - chronic endodontic infection (n = 15). Root canal (RC) samples were collected from Groups II and III.

Effects of lactose-containing stevioside sweeteners on dental biofilm acidogenicity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial lactose-containing stevioside sweetener on biofilm acidogenicity in vivo. Nine volunteers refrained from brushing their teeth for 3 days in five phases. On the 4th day of each phase, the pH of the biofilm was measured by the "Strip method".

Genotypic diversity and virulence traits of Streptococcus mutans isolated from carious dentin after partial caries removal and sealing.

The aim of this study was to compare the genotypic diversity and virulence traits of Streptococcus mutans isolated from carious dentin before and after partial dentin caries removal (PDR) and sealing. Carious dentin samples were obtained three months before and after the PDR and cavity sealing. Up to seven isolates of each morphological type of S.

Response of E. faecalis biofilms to different associations of auxiliary substances during root canal preparation: a confocal laser microscopy analysis.

Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different endodontic auxiliary chemical substances over Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) biofilm through confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Methods: Forty-five bovine incisors were infected with Ef for 21 days. Teeth were divided into five groups: group 1: 2.

Comparative analysis of the effect of two chlorhexidine mouthrinses on plaque accumulation and gingival bleeding.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two chlorhexidine rinsing solutions (0.12% and 0.2%) on plaque and gingival bleeding.