Elevated Diaphragmatic Tonic Activity in PICU Patients: Age-Specific Definitions, Prevalence, and Associations.

Objectives: Tonic diaphragmatic activity (tonic Edi, i.e., sustained diaphragm activation throughout expiration) reflects diaphragmatic effort to defend end-expiratory lung volumes.

French-Canadian Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale: The COWS-FC.

Objective: The main objective of the present study was to develop a French-Canadian translation and adaptation of the COWS (i.e., the COWS-FC) for the assessment of opioid withdrawal symptoms in clinical and research settings.

French-Canadian translation of a self-report questionnaire to monitor opioid therapy for chronic pain: The Opioid Compliance Checklist (OCC-FC).

: Chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) is a frequent condition among Canadians. The psychosocial and economic costs of CNCP for individuals, their families, and society are substantial. Though opioid therapy is often used to manage CNCP, it is also associated with risks of misuse.