The Potential of Fish Oil Components and Manuka Honey in Tackling Chronic Wound Treatment.

Chronic wounds are becoming an increasing burden on healthcare services, as they have extended healing times and are susceptible to infection, with many failing to heal, which can lead ultimately to amputation. Due to the additional rise in antimicrobial resistance and emergence of difficult-to-treat , , , , , and spp. (ESKAPE pathogens), novel treatments will soon be required asides from traditional antibiotics.

Silenced Survivors: A Systematic Review of the Barriers to Reporting, Investigating, Prosecuting, and Sentencing of Adult Female Rape and Sexual Assault.

Sexual victimization of adult women remains an underreported crime. This systematic review identified and synthesized the barriers to reporting, investigating, prosecuting, and sentencing cases of sexual assault and rape against adult women in Western countries. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted on August 3, 2023, across databases including PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest Central, Web of Science, MedNar, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

The Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Abilities of Fish Oil Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Manuka Honey.

Both honey and fish oil have been historically used in medicine and identified as having antimicrobial properties. Although analyses of the substances have identified different components within them, it is not fully understood how these components interact and contribute to the observed effect. With the increase in multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria found in infections, new treatment options are needed.

A cloudy forecast for species distribution models: Predictive uncertainties abound for California birds after a century of climate and land-use change.

Correlative species distribution models are widely used to quantify past shifts in ranges or communities, and to predict future outcomes under ongoing global change. Practitioners confront a wide range of potentially plausible models for ecological dynamics, but most specific applications only consider a narrow set. Here, we clarify that certain model structures can embed restrictive assumptions about key sources of forecast uncertainty into an analysis.

Community Fire Risk Reduction: Longitudinal Assessment for HomeSafe Fire Prevention Program in Canada.

(1) Background: Residential fires represent the third leading cause of unintentional injuries globally. This study aims to offer an overview and a longitudinal evaluation of the HomeSafe program implemented in Surrey in 2008 and to assess its effectiveness in mitigating fire-related outcomes. (2) Methods: Data were collected over a 12-year period (2008-2019).

(Re)proposing problem-oriented policing as a framework for identifying new and enhanced ways to prevent the abuse of at-risk adults.

It is recognized worldwide that evidence on what effectively prevents abuse of at-risk adults (including older people) is lacking. The purpose of this paper is to make an explicit, contemporary proposal as to why front-line workers and policy-makers interested in preventing the abuse of at-risk adults should adopt an opportunity-focused, problem-oriented policing framework from criminology. This paper will first position the proposal within the current context of responses to the abuse of at-risk adults.

A phenology of fear: Investigating scale and seasonality in predator-prey games between wolves and white-tailed deer.

Predators and prey engage in games where each player must counter the moves of the other, and these games include multiple phases operating at different spatiotemporal scales. Recent work has highlighted potential issues related to scale-sensitive inferences in predator-prey interactions, and there is growing appreciation that these may exhibit pronounced but predictable dynamics. Motivated by previous assertions about effects arising from foraging games between white-tailed deer and canid predators (coyotes and wolves), we used a large and year-round network of trail cameras to characterize deer and predator foraging games, with a particular focus on clarifying its temporal scale and seasonal variation.

Daily activity timing in the Anthropocene.

Animals are facing novel 'timescapes' in which the stimuli entraining their daily activity patterns no longer match historical conditions due to anthropogenic disturbance. However, the ecological effects (e.g.

The Mechanisms of Restenosis and Relevance to Next Generation Stent Design.

Stents are lifesaving mechanical devices that re-establish essential blood flow to the coronary circulation after significant vessel occlusion due to coronary vessel disease or thrombolytic blockade. Improvements in stent surface engineering over the last 20 years have seen significant reductions in complications arising due to restenosis and thrombosis. However, under certain conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), the incidence of stent-mediated complications remains 2-4-fold higher than seen in non-diabetic patients.

Snapshot Wisconsin: networking community scientists and remote sensing to improve ecological monitoring and management.

Biological data collection is entering a new era. Community science, satellite remote sensing (SRS), and local forms of remote sensing (e.g.

Generalized model-based solutions to false-positive error in species detection/nondetection data.

Detection/nondetection data are widely collected by ecologists interested in estimating species distributions, abundances, and phenology, and are often imperfect. Recent model development has focused on accounting for both false-positive and false-negative errors given evidence that misclassification is common across many sampling protocols. To date, however, model-based solutions to false-positive error have largely addressed occupancy estimation.

Abundance estimation of unmarked animals based on camera-trap data.

The rapid improvement of camera traps in recent decades has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring. Despite clear applications in conservation science, camera traps have seldom been used to model the abundance of unmarked animal populations. We sought to summarize the challenges facing abundance estimation of unmarked animals, compile an overview of existing analytical frameworks, and provide guidance for practitioners seeking a suitable method.

Why Students Do Not Engage in Contract Cheating.

Contract cheating refers to students paying a third party to complete university assessments for them. Although opportunities for commercial contract cheating are widely available in the form of essay mills, only about 3% of students engage in this behaviour. This study examined the reasons why most students do engage in contract cheating.

Making inference with messy (citizen science) data: when are data accurate enough and how can they be improved?

Measurement or observation error is common in ecological data: as citizen scientists and automated algorithms play larger roles processing growing volumes of data to address problems at large scales, concerns about data quality and strategies for improving it have received greater focus. However, practical guidance pertaining to fundamental data quality questions for data users or managers-how accurate do data need to be and what is the best or most efficient way to improve it?-remains limited. We present a generalizable framework for evaluating data quality and identifying remediation practices, and demonstrate the framework using trail camera images classified using crowdsourcing to determine acceptable rates of misclassification and identify optimal remediation strategies for analysis using occupancy models.

Pairing field methods to improve inference in wildlife surveys while accommodating detection covariance.

It is common to use multiple field sampling methods when implementing wildlife surveys to compare method efficacy or cost efficiency, integrate distinct pieces of information provided by separate methods, or evaluate method-specific biases and misclassification error. Existing models that combine information from multiple field methods or sampling devices permit rigorous comparison of method-specific detection parameters, enable estimation of additional parameters such as false-positive detection probability, and improve occurrence or abundance estimates, but with the assumption that the separate sampling methods produce detections independently of one another. This assumption is tenuous if methods are paired or deployed in close proximity simultaneously, a common practice that reduces the additional effort required to implement multiple methods and reduces the risk that differences between method-specific detection parameters are confounded by other environmental factors.

Do the antipredator strategies of shared prey mediate intraguild predation and mesopredator suppression?

Understanding the conditions that facilitate top predator effects upon mesopredators and prey is critical for predicting where these effects will be significant. Intraguild predation (IGP) and the ecology of fear are hypotheses used to describe the effects of top predators upon mesopredators and prey species, but make different assumptions about organismal space use. The IGP hypothesis predicts that mesopredator resource acquisition and risk are positively correlated, creating a fitness deficit.

Guideline Promotion Increases Prescription of Bone Protection with Steroids in Hospitalised Patients.

Guidelines for the prevention of glucocorticoid (GC) induced osteoporosis (GIOP) were implemented in a level 5 Irish Hospital with cross sectional audit of inpatient prescribing undertaken before and after. Prior to guideline implementation, elemental calcium (Ca) with Vitamin D (VitD) was prescribed for 11/66 (17%) of patients on GCs with 2/66 (3%) also receiving bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. Subsequent to guideline implementation, Ca with VitD was prescribed for 19/55 (35%) of patients on GCs with 11/55 (20%) also receiving BP therapy, representing a 2 and 6 fold respective increase.

Frequency of delirium and subsyndromal delirium in an adult acute hospital population.

Background The frequency of full syndromal and subsyndromal delirium is understudied. Aims We conducted a point prevalence study in a general hospital. Method Possible delirium identified by testing for inattention was evaluated regarding delirium status (full/subsyndromal delirium) using categorical (Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), DSM-IV) and dimensional (Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R98) scores) methods.

Attention! A good bedside test for delirium?

Background: Routine delirium screening could improve delirium detection, but it remains unclear as to which screening tool is most suitable. We tested the diagnostic accuracy of the following screening methods (either individually or in combination) in the detection of delirium: MOTYB (months of the year backwards); SSF (Spatial Span Forwards); evidence of subjective or objective 'confusion'.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of general hospital adult inpatients in a large tertiary referral hospital.

Properties of human brain sodium channel α-subunits expressed in HEK293 cells and their modulation by carbamazepine, phenytoin and lamotrigine.

Background And Purpose: Voltage-activated Na(+) channels contain one distinct α-subunit. In the brain NaV 1.1, NaV 1.

The Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol is a poor predictor of in-hospital mortality.

Background: The Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP) proposes admission criteria based only on physiological and laboratory parameters and has recently informed an Irish national bed utilisation review. Severity of illness tools can be poorly predictive of outcomes, particularly in older patients.

Aims: To assess the clinical utility of the AEP in moribund older and younger patients.

Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection.

Background: To date, delirium prevalence and incidence in acute hospitals has been estimated from pooled findings of studies performed in distinct patient populations.

Objective: To determine delirium prevalence across an acute care facility.

Design: A point prevalence study.