The first Miocene fossils from coastal woodlands in the southern East African Rift.

The Miocene was a key time in the evolution of African ecosystems witnessing the origin of the African apes and the isolation of eastern coastal forests through an expanding arid corridor. Until recently, however, Miocene sites from the southeastern regions of the continent were unknown. Here, we report the first Miocene fossil teeth from the shoulders of the Urema Rift in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique.

Pervasive transcription enhances the accessibility of H-NS-silenced promoters and generates bistability in virulence gene expression.

In and many genes silenced by the nucleoid structuring protein H-NS are activated upon inhibiting Rho-dependent transcription termination. This response is poorly understood and difficult to reconcile with the view that H-NS acts mainly by blocking transcription initiation. Here we have analyzed the basis for the up-regulation of H-NS-silenced pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) in cells depleted of Rho-cofactor NusG.

Institutional protocol adherence in the incidence of recurrent urinary tract infection after kidney transplantation.

Objectives: Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) occur frequently after kidney transplantation (KT), however their optimal management remains undefined. This study aimed to identify risk factors for rUTI and to validate a protocol for UTI and rUTI treatment after KT.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved patients undergoing KT between January 2013 and July 2016.

Does the urinary tract infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli impact the outcome of kidney transplant recipients?

The incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) after kidney transplantation (KT) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is growing. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of UTI caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in the survival of graft and recipients following KT. This was a retrospective cohort study involving patients who underwent KT between 2013 and 2016.

Validation of the Nursing Activities Score in Portuguese intensive care units.

Objective:: to describe the process of adaptation and validation of the Nursing Activities Score to the Portuguese context.

Method:: this was a pilot study of adaptation and validation of the Nursing Activities Score with a sample consisting of 67 patients hospitalized in the intensive care units of three Portuguese hospitals. The construct validity was assessed through factor analysis procedures and the internal consistency of the items was measured through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

Asymptomatic cryptococcal antigen prevalence detected by lateral flow assay in hospitalised HIV-infected patients in São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) using lateral flow assay (LFA) in hospitalised HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts <200 cells/μl.

Methods: Hospitalised HIV-infected patients were prospectively recruited at Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, a tertiary referral hospital to HIV-infected patients serving the São Paulo State, Brazil. All patients were >18 years old without prior cryptococcal meningitis, without clinical suspicion of cryptococcal meningitis, regardless of antiretroviral (ART) status, and with CD4 counts <200 cells/μl.