Publications by authors named "Clara Gesteira"
Objective: A parallel randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) for victims of terrorist attacks with long-term psychopathology. 120 adult Spanish victims, who met the criteria for current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and/or anxiety disorders related to exposure to terrorist attacks that occurred 18 years ago, on average, were randomly assigned to 16 weekly sessions of TF-CBT ( = 60) or waiting list control conditions ( = 60). Participants who completed TF-CBT ( = 25) experienced significant pre-post decreases in diagnostic rates and in posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms.
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- There are two main ways researchers look at how personality affects depression: one way uses the Big Five personality model and the other uses Beck's ideas about negative thinking.
- This study aimed to combine both of these approaches to see how different personality traits connect to depression.
- Researchers tested 221 adults in Spain and found that only the part of personality related to depression was strongly linked to feelings of sadness.
Article Synopsis
- The Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) is a tool used to measure complicated grief, especially for people who lost loved ones in violent ways, like terrorist attacks.
- A study was done with 211 relatives of victims in Spain to see how well the ICG works for them.
- The results showed that the ICG is trustworthy and accurately measures complicated grief, also showing connections to feelings of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Background: Scientific literature on posttraumatic growth (PTG) after terrorist attacks has primarily focused on persons who had not been directly exposed to terrorist attacks or persons who had been directly exposed to them, but who were assessed few months or years after the attacks.
Methods: We examined long-term PTG in 210 adults directly exposed to terrorist attacks in Spain a mean of 29.6 years after the attacks (range: 2-47 years).
Article Synopsis
- The study systematically reviewed literature on psychopathy prevalence in adults, analyzing 15 studies with a total of 11,497 participants.
- The estimated overall prevalence rate of psychopathy in the general adult population is 4.5%, with notable variations based on sex, sample type, and assessment instruments used.
- Specifically, using the PCL-R assessment tool, the prevalence dropped significantly to 1.2%, highlighting challenges in defining psychopathy and its measurement.
Abundant scientific literature shows that exposure to traumatic situations during childhood or adolescence has long-term psychopathological consequences, for example, in the form of a higher prevalence of emotional disorders in adulthood. However, an evolutionary perspective suggests that there may be differential vulnerabilities depending on the age at which the trauma was suffered. As there are no studies on the psychopathological impact in adulthood of attacks suffered during childhood or adolescence, the objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the age at which a terrorist attack was suffered in the presence of emotional disorders many years after the attack.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There are no published studies on the clinical utility of psychotherapy in victims of terrorism who suffer emotional disorders many years after the attacks.
Method: A course of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy was administered to 50 victims of terrorist attacks that occurred an average of 23 years previously and who presented isolated or concurrent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 74%), major depressive disorder (54%), panic disorder (38%), or other anxiety disorders (38%).
Results: According to an intention-to-treat analysis (N=50), these percentages decreased significantly to 24% (PTSD and major depression), 16% (panic disorder) and 14% (other anxiety disorders) at 1-year follow-up.