Bartonella spp. in bats from the Brazilian Amazon Forest.

Despite the great diversity of bats (64 species) in the State of Acre, northwestern Brazil, there are no studies on occurrence and diversity of Bartonella spp. in bats in this region. The present study investigated the occurrence and molecular identity of Bartonella spp.

Bartonella species in dromedaries and ruminants from Lower Shabelle and Benadir regions, Somalia.

Background: Bartonellosis, caused by bacteria of the genus Bartonella, is a zoonotic disease with several mammalian reservoir hosts. In Somalia, a country heavily reliant on livestock, zoonotic diseases pose significant public health and economic challenges. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been performed aiming to verify the occurrence of Bartonella spp.

Novel Tick-Borne Anaplasmataceae Genotypes in Tropical Birds from the Brazilian Pantanal Wetland.

Despite numerous reports of Anaplasmataceae agents in mammals worldwide, few studies have investigated their occurrence in birds. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of Anaplasmataceae agents in birds from the Pantanal wetland, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 93 different species.

Molecular evidence of Bartonella spp. in tropical wild birds from the Brazilian Pantanal, the largest wetland in South America.

Despite the worldwide occurrence of bartonellae in a broad range of mammal species, in which they usually cause a long-lasting erythrocytic bacteremia, few studies reported Bartonella spp. in avian hosts. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of Bartonella spp.

Molecular evidence of Bartonella spp. in wild lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris), the largest land mammals in Brazil.

The genus Bartonella (Hyphomicrobiales: Bartonellaceae) encompasses facultative intracellular α-proteobacteria that parasite erythrocytes and endothelial cells from a wide range of vertebrate hosts and can cause disease in animals and humans. Considering the large diversity of vertebrate species that may act as reservoirs and arthropod species that may be associated with Bartonella transmission, the exposure of animals and humans to these microorganisms is likely underestimated. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Bartonella sp.

Prevention of risky sexual behavior in primary healthcare: a best practice implementation project.

Introduction And Objectives: Sexually transmitted infections are a public health problem affecting 45% of adolescents and young adults worldwide. The evidence suggests that primary care settings are uniquely positioned to provide an opportunity for these preventive interventions. The aim of this project is to improve nurses' interventions for preventing risky sexual behaviors in adolescents attending nursing consultations in a primary healthcare unit.

Molecular detection and characterization of vector-borne agents in common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) from northeastern Brazil.

Opossums are synanthropic marsupials able to interchange among wild, peri‑urban and urban environments, playing an epidemiologically important role as hosts for emerging pathogens and ectoparasites of relevance in public health. The present study aimed to detect and molecularly characterize vector-borne agents in a population of common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) from the Island of São Luís do Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Of the 45 animals analyzed, one (2.

Multi-locus Sequencing Typing of Bartonella henselae isolates reveals coinfection with different variants in domestic cats from Midwestern Brazil.

Bartonella henselae is a zoonotic pathogen responsible for causing Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) and other clinical manifestations in humans. Domestic cats are the main reservoirs of this Bartonella species. Previous studies have suggested that certain genotypes of B.

First Report of spp. in Marsupials from Brazil, with a Description of sp. nov. and a New Proposal for the Taxonomic Reclassification of Species of the Genus .

The genus (Rhizobiales: Bartonellaceae) encompasses facultative intracellular Gram-negative alphaproteobacteria that parasitize mainly erythrocytes and endothelial cells, as well as macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells. Although they can infect numerous mammal species and arthropod vectors worldwide, reports of infections in marsupials are scarce. In fact, such agents have only been detected in marsupials and/or associated ectoparasites in Australia and the United States of America until the present moment.

Genetic diversity and Multilocus Sequence Typing Analysis of Bartonella henselae in domestic cats from Southeastern Brazil.

Bartonella henselae is the causative agent for the infectious disease Cat Scratch Disease (CSD), which can be fatal. Domestic and wild felines are known to be its main mammal reservoirs. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp.

The 2-hydroxy-nevirapine metabolite as a candidate for boosting apolipoprotein A1 and for modulating anti-HDL antibodies.

The antiretroviral nevirapine (NVP) is associated to a reduction of atherosclerotic lesions and increases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Despite being a hepatotoxic drug, which forbids its re-purposing to other therapeutic areas, not all NVP metabolites have the same potential to induce toxicity. Our aim was to investigate the effects of NVP and its metabolites in an exploratory study, towards the identification of a candidate to boost HDL.

Cysteine Oxidative Dynamics Underlies Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia.

Previous data showed the lack of efficacy of an adrenoceptor antagonist to revert hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). We hypothesized that, in addition to sympathetic activation, CIH may change the availability and dynamics of cysteine. Temporal variation in total cysteine and its fractions, free reduced, free oxidized and protein-bound (CysSSP), were measured in homogenates of kidney cortex and medulla of Wistar rats.

Being a mother of preterm multiples in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage: perceived stress and psychological symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the differences between mothers of preterm multiples and mothers of preterm singletons regarding perceived stress and maternal psychological symptoms, and to explore the putative adverse amplified effect of socioeconomic disadvantage.

Method: Ninety-five mothers of 1-year-olds born preterm participated in this cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out in two public hospitals from Northern Portugal.

Nevirapine modulation of paraoxonase-1 in the liver: An in vitro three-model approach.

Introduction: Nevirapine is associated with severe hepatotoxicity, through the formation of reactive metabolites. Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a promiscuous enzyme involved in the metabolism of xeno- and endobiotics and proposed as a biomarker of hepatotoxicity. The aim of this work was to explore the effects of nevirapine and its phase I metabolites, 2-hydroxy-nevirapine and 12-hydroxy-nevirapine, on PON-1 activities.

Monitoring of the lactonase activity of paraoxonase-1 enzyme in HIV-1-infection.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme known as a free radical scavenging system (1). PON-1 has three main activities, responsible for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential: paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase (LACase), the latest to be discovered and pointed out to be its native activity (2). Among other physiological roles, the LACase might minimize the deleterious effects of hyperhomocysteinaemia in infection, by detoxifying the highly reactive metabolite homocysteine-thiolactone (HcyTL) (3),4.

Sex differences in apolipoprotein A1 and nevirapine-induced toxicity.

Nevirapine (NVP) is associated with severe liver and skin toxicity through sulfotransferase (SULT) bioactivation of the phase I metabolite 12-hydroxy-NVP [1-3]. The female sex, a well-known risk factor for NVP-induced toxicity, is associated with higher SULT expression (4) and lower plasma levels of 12-hydroxy-NVP [3]. Interestingly, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) increases SULT2B1 activity and ApoA1 synthesis is increased by NVP [5, 6].

Value of Chest Radiographic Pattern in RSV Disease of the Newborn: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral respiratory infection in infants. Several authors have sought to determine which risk factors are the best predictors for severe RSV disease. Our aim was to evaluate if a specific chest radiographic pattern in RSV disease can predict the disease severity.