'Cut out for breastfeeding': changing attitudes to breastfeeding.

This paper reports on an intervention to promote breastfeeding that was carried out in Bristol during National Breastfeeding Awareness Week 2009. The aim of the intervention was to increase public awareness of breastfeeding, and change attitudes to breastfeeding in public. To do this, four almost life-size cardboard cut-out figures were designed and produced that showed local mothers breastfeeding their babies, and these were displayed in a variety of public places around Bristol.

Deficits in verbal long-term memory and learning in children with poor phonological short-term memory skills.

Possible links between phonological short-term memory and both longer term memory and learning in 8-year-old children were investigated in this study. Performance on a range of tests of long-term memory and learning was compared for a group of 16 children with poor phonological short-term memory skills and a comparison group of children of the same age with matched nonverbal reasoning abilities but memory scores in the average range. The low-phonological-memory group were impaired on longer term memory and learning tasks that taxed memory for arbitrary verbal material such as names and nonwords.

Developmental consequences of poor phonological short-term memory function in childhood: a longitudinal study.

Background: A longitudinal study investigated the cognitive skills and scholastic attainments at 8 years of age of children selected on the basis of poor phonological loop skills at 5 years.

Methods: Children with low and average performance at 5 years were tested three years later on measures of working memory, phonological awareness, vocabulary, language, reading, and number skill.

Results: Two subgroups of children with poor early performance on phonological memory tests were identified.