Does caudal analgesia improve pain control for pediatric burn surgery: A retrospective study.

Pediatric burns affect approximately 15-20 patients per 100 000 hospital admissions, but unfortunately there is a lack of evidence to guide optimal strategies for acute pain control. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether caudal analgesia with single injection of local anesthetics reduced pain medication consumption in pediatric patients who required surgical intervention for burn injuries. Retrospective data from patients <7 years old who had burn surgery in the operating rooms at a single regional burn center from 2013 to 2021 was obtained and analyzed.

Intrauterine Inflammation and Maternal Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 during Preconception and Specific Periods of Pregnancy: The Boston Birth Cohort.

Background: Prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5, (i.e.